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Old 12-18-2007, 04:33 AM
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Default How Marxism Fails Economically

Before you read, note the references to Satanism and "you Satanists" refers to the fact I posted this on the LaVeyan Satanist forum, at http://www.satannet.com/forum/ubbthr...&Number=291530



I was once a brief member here before I left for greener pastures; I now come back to engage fellow people in a discussion about something oft-discussed: redistribution economics, a la Marxist "theories".

Too much information I know, but I just was in the shower thinking about what to say exactly (I tend to rehearse my speeches in my mind, to contemplate the message and anticipate possible questions and or criticisms). The basis of this essay is the disproving, not through equal rhetoric or philosophical meandering, but through economic discourse, of the idea of redistribution of income.

Most of you here are obviously Satanists, and support hierarchism, but I've never really seen a valid reason why you do. I am no longer a Satanist, but I still remember the key concepts behind Satanism and thus emphasize with many of you who have read this far shaking your heads saying, "hierarchy is just necessary." Well, you'll probably be pleased to hear I have some economic proofs showing it is necessary.

I've never seen a single essay or document proving through economic calculation and theories that redistribution is not only unfeasible but be the most disasterous man-made catastrophe in history. If someone does know of such an essay or document, please let me know. I wrote this essay completely independently because I frankly got pissed off with Marxist bull(*)(*)(*)(*) on www.soviet-empire.com/ussr 's forums, filled with, I kid you not, Stalinists, Jucheists, and Marxists of every kind.

I was banned from that pro-Communist forum because of the essay you're about to read. I was given no explanation and no respect. I will warn that I do use some swearing, but it is in context and will make sense to you once you reach it.

One last note: it would be merely philosophical, not economical, to try and "disprove" every other concept Marx and his comrades came up with, like State ownership of property, State ownership of your children, elimination of the family unit, and abolition of private property larger than your toothbrush. I mean, you can, through debate, try and convince people that Communism is just plain insane, but you can't disprove Communism's social values because they aren't based in any economic theory. Only redistribution is, and that's why it was so easy for me to completely debunk it. For the record, I don't claim to be unsympathetic to the plight of the poor who work more than one job, or social injustice. I think some of Marx's ideas are quite wonderful dreams, like a society without need for class or division, but humanity has evolved over the last 10,000 years to incorporate trade and economy, and over the past few thousand years it has incorporated medium-of-value systems, like currency, to replace crude bartering. If society takes this long to find an equilibrium, what kind of moron thinks they can solve the problems of society by giving all power to the Central Government? History has shown that within a political or economic system, the more competing agendas exist, the better for the average citizen. The more companies competing, the less prices will be, benefiting the average consumer. The more parties and politicians competing against each other, the greater rights and priviledges will be granted to us through social contracts, and the less government abuse will occur. However, the less competing agendas, the less opposition to abuse and corruption there is. With one voice, there is no dissent, but with many voices, there is much dissent, to the benefit of society. Marxists wish to replace the many voices with one voice: the State.

Oh one last thing: this essay comes from, originally, http://forums.newspeakdictionary.com...pic.php?t=3349 and thus has references to certain members (Kirov, sorianofan, etc). Just for reference, Kirov is a Socialist, and sorianofan is a Libertarian.

Now onto the essay.

----------

Please read the whole thing or you won't understand.

Thesis Statement

I did not begin this as a complete trashing of redistribution economics, or even as an essay. Having found the first article on Al Jazeera, an Arab world news perspective, it occured to me I should comment on the policies of Bolivian President Evo Morales. Reading further, it became clear one of his policies was to establish a widening of executive power, if not ultimately communist-style dictatorship, using constitutional reforms designed to give more power to the Indian majority, something I can sympathise with, but simultaneously to establish socialist policies of redistribution of wealth. Morales' goal in the context of socialism was to submit Bolivian districts which were composed largely of ethnic Spanish, districts whose natural resources and developed economy, to the authority of the central government. Wealth was, before the districts declared autonomy, to be expropriated from the districts to less developed districts in the western Andes whose Indian majority did not produce goods or services on the level as the eastern districts the central government envied. Political trend in the former and current communist sphere has shown that any government seeking to take wealth from one group and distribute it to other groups will hardly stop at moderate redistribution. First, the states, provinces, districts would be compelled to surrender their income to the less-off. Then individuals are compelled to give up their income to the less-of. Then their property, and then their lives when those individuals are no longer useful. It would be foolish and naive to assume Morales would stop at simple income redistribution amongst districts. His party, Move Towards Socialism, has a clear socialist goal in their policies and statements, and will not, as a socialist group in charge of government, stop at a moderate redistributory measure.

It became clear to me the only way to discourage redistribution thinking is to show, conclusively, scientifically, economically, and with clear calculations anyone with a calculator and algebra-level mathematical understanding can reproduce on their own, that redistribution would lead the society implementing it even partially into a greater economic collapse than that of 1929.

Therefore, my hypothesis is: as the purchasing power of the majority of society which otherwise had little purchasing power increases astronomically or more than mere percentage points as a result of economic parity measures, supply will dramatically decrease as demand skyrockets, leading to mass shortages of basic consumer goods, including food.

The Paper

Quote:
Originally Posted by http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/629E0B90-7FC0-434A-AC2C-C958E0314E96.htm
Bolivian states threaten autonomy

Bolivia has put its military on alert after four states declared their intention to create independent regional governments.

Soldiers were ready to step in to protect public and private property, Walker San Miguel, the country's defence minister, was quoted by Bolivia's daily La Prensa as saying on Thursday.

"We are remaining very attentive and concerned by what is happening in the country," San Miguel said.

Four of Bolivia's nine provinces - Santa Cruz, Tarija, Beni and Pando - have announced they will declare autonomy on Saturday.

Together the states represent about 35 per cent of Bolivia's more than 8.5 million people.

A 130-member assembly in Santa Cruz, an opposition stronghold and Bolivia's wealthiest state, earlier approved an "autonomy statute" under which the state would hold on to nearly two-thirds of its tax revenues and consider establishing its own police force.

Local leaders have promised a referendum in the coming months to approve the measures and the other three states have said they plan to table similar statutes.

Reinforcements

The government sent 400 police reinforcements to Santa Cruz this week, but denied sending soldiers.

San Miguel said the government had not mobilised "a military detachment in the city of Santa Cruz".

Juan Carlos Urenda, a Santa Cruz leader, said the proposed autonomy statute was not an act of secession as it recognised Santa Cruz as part of Bolivia, with the central government continuing to maintain control over foreign affairs, defence and the currency.

Alvaro Garcia, the country's vice-president, appeared on national television on Thursday to address leaders of the four states, saying he feared "a catastrophic standoff" had been reached.

Rich and poor

The four states object to a constitutional overhaul planned by Evo Morales, the Bolivian president, which would increase his presidential powers, improve the rights of Bolivia's indigenous majority and redistribute wealth from their low-lying richer areas to the poorer heights of the Andes.

In November, the country's assembly approved a draft constitution that would establish a multi-ethnic state with self-governing regions for indigenous groups.

But the largest opposition party boycotted the assembly and only 153 of the assembly's 255 delegates were present at the vote.

The charter, which Bolivians must approve in referendums due next year, would shift more power to central authorities at the expense of the country's nine states.

Urenda described the constitution as a racist trick that would allow indigenous communities to violate the states' territorial integrity.

Morales's core support, which secured him his December 2005 election victory, comes from Bolivia's poor, indigenous majority that lives primarily in the arid Andean highlands.
Breaking news:

Quote:
Originally Posted by http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/640BB35A-FED0-4A8F-9CDB-40CE00813131.htm
Political divisions appear to have deepened in Bolivia after four provinces controlled by the opposition put forward plans for greater autonomy from the central government.

The move comes as large rallies were held in the country both in support and opposition of Evo Morales, the president.

Thousands of Morales supporters marched through the city of La Paz to celebrate the unveiling of a new constitution that has divided public opinion in the country.

"This is a historic day ... the people will never again be marginalised," Morales told crowds outside the presidential palace after the president of the constitutional assembly submitted a copy of the new charter.

Morales accused his opponents of seeking to split the nation. "We're not going to let anyone divide Bolivia," he said.

The president has said a declaration of autonomy in the eastern city of Santa Cruz is illegal and unconstitutional.

Autonomous celebration

Led by the economic hub of Santa Cruz, the four provinces oppose the new constitution and made separate declarations of autonomy to extend the power of their regional governments.

A Santa Cruz "autonomy statute," which voters in the state would have to approve in coming months, would create a separate police force and insist on state control of lands.

In Santa Cruz, hunger strikers called off their days-old protest against the constitution and headed to a city park for a rally to celebrate the declaration of autonomy.

similar event was staged in natural gas-rich Tarija, and others were planned in the Amazon provinces of Beni and Pando.

"We're going to celebrate the birth of the autonomous regions," Roberto Gutierrez, a pro-autonomy leader in Santa Cruz, said.

The constitutional reform has deepened long-standing divisions between the more affluent east and the highlands, where the indigenous population strongly supports Morales, the country's first leader of Indian descent.

Leaders of the four lowland regions, home to Bolivia's natural gas fields, have called the new constitution an illegal power grab since it was passed by Morales supporters during an opposition boycott.

Referenda

"In no way do we accept that the text that's being submitted represents the Bolivian people, because not all Bolivians have taken part in its drafting," Lourdes Millares, an opposition member of parliament, said.

Tensions rose ahead of Saturday's declarations of autonomy and Morales, has ruled out declaring martial law but government officials have said he could use force if any attempt is made to divide the country.

It was unclear whether the autonomy declarations would be ratified in provincial referenda.

The new national constitution, which lets presidents seek two consecutive terms and increases the state's role in the economy, must still pass two referenda to take force.

Morales says the constitutional rewrite will empower the poor, Indian majority.
And some old news but relevant on Santa Cruzian autonomy initiatives:

Quote:
Originally Posted by http://www.counterpunch.org/gomez01292005.html
Weekend Edition
January 29 / 30, 2005

Santa Cruz and Its Sedition
Power and Autonomy in Bolivia
By LUIS GOMEZ

Among other things, the question that has echoed through my ears several times in the last few days is: what is the difference between the Aymara people (*) those from the countryside and those who live in the city of El Alto (*) and the autonomists from the city of Santa Cruz? Aren't both groups saying and demanding the same thing as many of the movements in countries throughout Latin America (*) autonomy to make decisions, referendums to decide our future? And to be honest, the answer is always the same: no, it is not the same thing. But let's look at that answer in more detail.

Who exactly are we talking about here? Because although the media frenzy they have created is huge, actual identities have not been discussed. Let's go first to the altiplano, the high plains, where the Aymara live. They are people with robust bodies and dark skin, most of them with a family income of between one and two dolllars per day (fifty-eight percent of the households in Bolivia are living under such conditions). They are part of the 63.05 percent of the people in this country over the age of 15 who identify themselves as indigenous (if we were to count the children under 15, the proportion of indigenous people in this country would undoubtedly grow). And they want something very simple: to govern the territory they have inhabited for thousands of years without pressure from the outside... they are convinced, as the mayor of Achacachi (capital of the Aymara world), Eugenio Rojas, told me, that their system of communal management of life (of goods and work) is not just older, but better than that which is imposed by the state.

The Aymara have risen up dozens of times in the last 224 years to confront their oppressors: from the rule of the Spanish crown, to that of the local white elites, and up to the current rule of transnational corporations, as happened with the Suez corporation in El Alto, the Aymara city of nearly 800,000 people. Centuries of oppression and discrimination (racial, social, economic) have made them rebellious and untrusting, with good reason.

They are not racists, and I'll put up Noah Friedsky as an example of that. Noah, a white "gringo," has passed entire afternoons and evenings drinking with the people of El Alto (and once among the Aymara farmers of the countryside as well), and as far as I know, he has never had problems. Neither are they aggressive or exclusionary, and I can speak to that, because if they were I would never have been able to write my book about the insurrection of October 2003, which removed President Sánchez de Lozada from power. It was their generosity and patience that allowed this Mexican journalist to take their words in his own hands. They have their problems, like everyone, but that and nothing more.

And Santa Cruz? What can we say about this city of 1,135,526 inhabitants? To begin, they make up just under one sixth of the Bolivian population (as of the latest census, Bolivia's population is 8,274,325). A great number of them, perhaps half, are white: children of the Bolivian criollo elite or the product of European immigration. Just look at one of their leaders, Pro-Santa Cruz Civic Committee President Rubén Costas:

http://www.eldeber.com.bo/20050122/santacruz_8.html

Does Costas look indigenous, in this country full of indigenous people? No, and of course, he isn't poor either... because in reality, in that city (*) which holds more than 400 beauty pageants per year, which generates 38 percent of Bolivia's taxes (La Paz, itself full of indigenous people, generates 45 percent), which is home to the biggest domestic companies and headquarters for the transnational gas and oil corporations (*) well, there's a lot of money moving around. (Ah, and of course, it is well known that the drug cartels operate there, too.) And what do they want? Autonomy. To govern their own lands? Yes. Which lands? Ah, well, that depends, because among their demands, the city of Santa Cruz wants to see more of the benefits of gas exportation, and the department of Santa Cruz (Bolivia is divided into departments as opposed to states or provinces) has more gas than any other Bolivian department. But the gas is not in the city, it's in the south, in a region known as el Chaco, inhabited mostly by... indigenous people, the Guaraní, who of course do not participate in the angry demonstrations up in Santa Cruz. Would they have even been invited? I doubt it...

Among other things, Santa Cruz is home to the most extreme right-wing groups in Bolivia: the Camba Nation and the Cruceñista Youth; both of them autonomist, and, to be a bit more descriptive, fascist. It was those groups that organized the aggression in Santa Cruz on October 16, 2003, against the march of indigenous and poor farmers that had arrived in the north of the department to demand Sánchez de Lozada's resignation. They are the same people that have entire arsenals stored in their haciendas to use to attack peasant-farmers and the Landless Movement. (Did I mention that the land in Santa Cruz, Bolivia's largest department, is concentrated in the hands of just over 140 families?) They are the same people who, last Friday, in a pro-autonomy march led by the rebel government, began to raise their arms and salute the Führer they carry within them, in their hearts...

It would be worth reading the following essay by Mario Iván Paredes, from Santa Cruz, to understand a little of the history and the racial and land problems in Santa Cruz (and to show that in that city, not everyone thinks the same way):

http://www.geocities.com/igualitarios/paredes/pare des1.html

And now that we're trying to get to know them, why not recall that in the municipal elections of last December, Evo Morales' MAS party received many victories in the department of Santa Cruz? One of them in the city itself, where their candidate made it into the city council. So, not all of the city's inhabitants are white, and some did vote for a party made up of indigenous and peasant-farmers.

Finally, we have a few whites, backed by their own economic power (and the transnational oil companies), who are trying to maintain an exclusionary society. (Some sources claim that Sánchez de Lozada actively supports this sedition, and their were even rumors that he was in Santa Cruz) Will they pull it off? Who knows...

What's certain is that the military and the police have rejected their approach:

http://www.erbol.com.bo/24-01-2005ffaapolic%ECa.htm

That the indigenous and peasant-farmers are doing what's necessary defend their country, Bolivia, against those they have called "powerful groups that no one elected":

http://www.eldeber.com.bo/20050122/santacruz_10.html

http://www.erbol.com.bo/24-01-2005nacecoordinadora.htm

That even in El Alto they have declared that they will not permit Santa Cruz's sedition:

http://www.elsemanaldigital.com

Man, even the businessmen of La Paz have rejected their colleagues:

http://www.erbol.com.bo/24-01-2005em...space%F1os.htm

I should also mention that, now that so many are talking about Rubén Costas' numbers (and distorting them greatly), that in none of the photographs of the demonstrations published in the Bolivian media do we see ever many people: those of us who weren't there have no way of knowing if we're talking about a thousand people, two thousand, or more... although José Mirtenbaum, professor of the Narco News School of Authentic Journalism and resident of Santa Cruz, told me that they were not many.

The social movements and many honest people in Bolivia are not confused about this. What is at stake here is a national project, or rather, two. And that's what I wanted to talk about in this post; I hope I've done so.

But, to give an example, is it the same in Santa Cruz as in El Alto? No, no, no... some of them want a nation that they have a right to, others want to invent that right with dollars. Or to put it in more political terms: while the indigenous city is trying to change forever the current system of exploitation and misery, in the city of the so-called "Cambas," they are fighting to maintain it.

Luis Gomez writes about Bolivia for NarcoNews, where this article originally appeared.
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Old 12-18-2007, 04:34 AM
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Default Part 2

I've been paying attention to Bolivia just as I paid attention to Venezuela. In Venezuela, Hugo Chavez wanted to introduce constitutional reforms through amendments. The amendments would have allowed the government to expropriate private property without having to first seek court authorization, taken total control over the Central Bank, created new types of property managed by cooperatives and have extended presidential terms from six to seven years while allowing Chavez to run again in 2012. While his packed legislative body voted absolutely overwhelmingly for it, the citizens turned it down. In various news articles, it was reported the military leadership of Venezuela warned Chavez against doing something rash.

Morales doesn't seem like such a bad guy, and neither does Chavez. Sure Chavez fires his mouth off, but the same can be said for just about every other leader in the world. Bolivia has interested me ever since Morales, the first indigenous citizen, was elected as leader, and since I read Che Guevara's biography, Che having been killed in Bolivia. Problem is, Morales is power-hungry; his constitutional amendments not only do some good and some bad, they increase his presidential powers, and his term limit.

I read through the article, noting several points:

Quote:
The four states object to a constitutional overhaul planned by Evo Morales, the Bolivian president, which would increase his presidential powers, improve the rights of Bolivia's indigenous majority and redistribute wealth from their low-lying richer areas to the poorer heights of the Andes.
Improving the rights of the majority isn't a bad thing; I support that. But you can't support the overhaul if it includes clearly undemocratic things like "increase presidential powers" which is obviously a way to keep himself in power, or nebulous things like "redistribute wealth". The solution to poverty is to work harder, increase production, and encourage foreign investment among other things. When you start siphoning off other's people's wealth, that makes you a parasite. And besides, who's going to redistibute wealth? The government? Do I really need to give examples of governments which have and now claim to redistribute wealth?

I recently had a discussion with someone about anarchy which evolved into a discussion on scarcity, which prompted me to consider economics and look back on my economics education. All economics is based on scarcity: without scarcity there would be no need for currency, and thus, no need for an economy or economics classes.

Let's look at this picture here.



Pardon the spelling error; it comes from a government website, which doesn't excuse the typo.

The bottom 20% make $9,300, the next 20% make $20,600, the next 20% make $34,400, the next 20% make $56,400, the next 15% make $97,400, the next 4% make $210,000, and the top 1% makes $1,117,000. The US population in 2000, our last census, was 281,421,906.

So 20% of the 2000 population is 56,284,381, 15% is 42,213,286, 4% is 11,256,876, and 1% is 2,814,219.

This means the bottom quintile makes $523,444,745,160, the next quintile makes $1,159,458,252,720, the next quintile makes $1,936,182,713,280, the next quintile makes $3,174,439,099,680, the next 15% makes $4,111,574,046,660, the next 4% makes $2,363,944,010,400, and the top 1% makes $3,143,482,690,020 at a total of $16,412,525,557,920. That's a lot of money, people. Let's start redistributing money equally, assuming party bosses get the same as everyone else equally, which will never happen, but let's just pretend like it will. The total of all income divided by the total population in America is $58,320. For 80% of Americans, they'll see, based on their quintile bracket, from 527% to 183% to 70% to 3% of their original income, and the upper 20% see no gains, but (*)(*)(*)(*) them, right? (*)(*)(*)(*)ing bourgeois pigs who should be shot, they're lucky to get ANYTHING!

As demand for goods and services by the bottom 20% increases 527%, as demand for the next 20% increases 183%, the next 20% increases 70%, and the next 20% increases by 3% this collective skyrocketing of demand throughout the bottom 80% of American society which is 225,137,525 people leads to increase in demand of goods and services provided by the American economy. What do you think will happen? While some will invest and save a lot of money, most will spend, spend, spend. And guess what that will do to supply?

A counter-argument Kirov mentioned to me is that as purchasing power increases astronomically, supply will match the demand. My answer to that is: no. It takes gradual increases in demand to lead to the addition of new factories, new businesses, more labor employment to produce the goods and services to meet the rising demand. It takes decades, years. No economy can handle increases in demand by over 500% and solve it any time soon. And if more factories are built, where does the material come from? Imports and mining and logging and production of material, be it through refinement or laboratory creation, must increase by 500%. Even in the Soviet Union, no New Economic Plan or Five Year Plan ever came close to increasing production this far; and it never really increased consumer goods production. You can say goodbye to natural resources if demand for goods from people who had very little previously skyrockets.

Back to scarcity, at such a high level of demand, imagine what will happen to supply. Food reserves, stores, etc. When people are given more money than they've ever had in their life, they will buy more. It's a simple fact of economics.

Redistribution would only serve as the greatest economic, social, and human catastrophe ever to exist. The numbers are all there, if you disagree, disagree with cold hard math. When an economy lacks INCOME scarcity, it will lack safeguards against maintaining supply and keeping demand at a reasonable level of balance. I don't like the fact some people on this forum are now touting the "productive elite" as the arbiters of society, and they obviously should not be, but income on a national and international level cannot be redistributed or else we face mass shortages of goods and energy. There would be nothing keeping people from leaving their lights off and conserving energy in power-stricken regions of America because there would be no problem paying the bills; I'm not saying they'd keep lights on constantly, but there would be no consideration for conservation at all. There would also be no regard for conservation of goods. People would buy whatever they feel like with incredible increase in income; there would be no sense of limit for most people.

Let's say we enact protectionary measures on supply through rationing. Well, what the (*)(*)(*)(*) would be the purpose of the increased income if we can't SPEND it? It would be a total Catch-22 and no one would support redistribution if they found out they couldn't do (*)(*)(*)(*) with it. Yeah you could invest the money, but what would be the point if rationing is enacted? It makes no sense at all from any perspective unless your goal is to be confusing and pay lip-service to Marx and don't do (*)(*)(*)(*) about society.

Let's say we start increasing prices to match demand. Well, it would still be no different from enacting rationing at all because people would still see no point to an increased income if their purchasing power remains virtually the same.

To keep society from starving and running out of goods through this stupid redistribution policy, you have to ration the goods, increase prices on the goods, or scrap this stupid policy altogether.

Let's say you said "let's actually redistribute to select people". You think the rest of society will go along with that selectivist bull(*)(*)(*)(*)? I doubt it. If you asked the bottom 80% if they want the top 20%'s income, why not ask the bottom 80% if they want to own the businesses by themselves and kick out the entrepreneurs who, without, there wouldn't be businesses. Why not ask the bottom 80% if they want the top 20%'s homes and property? Hell, let's just let the majority take away the rights and property of the minority. Well, I think that's called totalitarian democracy, an actual term.

And even if you destroyed democracy and rights and property rights, and decided to give the income of the top to the people on the very bottom, you'd still be greatly increasing their purchasing power, which would lead to the ration/pricing paradox I already mentioned, in a less severe way, but still severe.

What if Bolivia goes Redistributory



Here above we can see the data for income of Bolivian citizens in 1999 located on page 7 of http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissu...n_Andersen.pdf

The Boliviano is the name of Bolivia’s “money” or “currency”. Bs is the symbol for the Boliviano in Bolivia, BOB elsewhere. - http://www.citizenshipbolivia.com/ht...in_bolivi.html

So I can see while I post my post instead of having to look at the image preview, I'll type out the table.

-----------

Employment and income in Bolivia 1999, by labor category

Laborer = Employment (#) // Employment (%) // Income (Bs.)

1. Rural small-holder = 1,409,313 // 39.5 // 244
2. Agricultural worker (unskilled) = 66,672 // 1.8 // 725
3. Non-agricultural worker (unskilled) = 296,451 // 8.3 // 651
4. Urban informal = 878,203 // 24.6 // 415
5. Employee (skilled) = 626,368 // 17.5 // 1,240
6. Employer = 292,734 // 8.2 // 2,683
Total labor force = 3,569,741 // 100.0 // 704

-----------

Bolivian 1999 population estimate: 7,982,850 - http://www.photius.com/wfb1999/boliv...ia_people.html

-----------

Quote:
Originally Posted by http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Bolivia-INCOME.html
The US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) reports that in 2001 Bolivia's gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated at $21.4 billion. The per capita GDP was estimated at $2,600. The annual growth rate of GDP was estimated at 0%. The average inflation rate in 2001 was 2%. The CIA defines GDP as the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year and computed on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP) rather than value as measured on the basis of the rate of exchange. It was estimated that agriculture accounted for 14% of GDP, industry 31%, and services 55%.

According to the United Nations, in 2000 remittances from citizens working abroad totaled $101 million or about $12 per capita and accounted for approximately 1.2% of GDP. Worker remittances in 2001 totaled $107.1 million. Foreign aid receipts amounted to about $86 per capita and accounted for approximately 9% of the gross national income (GNI).
The World Bank reports that in 2001 per capita household consumption (in constant 1995 US dollars) was $732. Household consumption includes expenditures of individuals, households, and nongovernmental organizations on goods and services, excluding purchases of dwellings. It was estimated that for the same period private consumption declined at an annual rate of 1%. Approximately 37% of household consumption was spent on food, 11% on fuel, 9% on health care, and 14% on education. The richest 10% of the population accounted for approximately 32.0% of household consumption and the poorest 10% approximately 1.3%. It was estimated that in 1999 about 70% of the population had incomes below the poverty line.
This table below is the result of my simple calculations of labor population multiplied by average income for each 6 groups and a total calculation.

1. Bs. 343,872,372
2. Bs. 48,337,200
3. Bs. 192,989,601
4. Bs. 364,454,245
5. Bs. 776,696,320
6. Bs. 785,405,322
Total Bs. 2,513,097,664

Bs. 2,513,097,664 divided by the labor force (who will provide for their families) which is 3,569,741 people is Bs. 704. So if everyone who works is paid Bs. 704 that means the following percent changes in income will occur:

Percent changes in income

1. Rural small-holder = 188%
2. Agricultural worker (unskilled) = -3%
3. Non-agricultural worker (unskilled) = 8%
4. Urban informal = 70%
5. Employee (skilled) = -43%
6. Employer = -74%

This means for 39.5% of laborers, their incomes increase by an average of 188%; for 24.6% of laborers their incomes increase by an average of 70%, and for 8.3% of laborers their incomes increase by an average of 8%. This all means that 72.4% of laborers and their respective families will see increases in income from a range of 188% to 8%, greatly increasing the purchasing power of 2,584,492 people and their families, which adds millions more to the number of people whose purchasing power will greatly increase.

Since the Bolivian economy is much worse than the American economy we don't see increases as high as American income increases if this redistribution scheme were enacted. Do any of you besides Eurasian indulge in a fantasy that its economy can possibly handle such high increases in purchasing power?

In 1999 5.8124 bolivianos were worth 1 US dollar. - http://www.worldpress.org/profiles/bolivia.cfm

So if you wanted to translate the above results into dollars, the following would show up:

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Employment and income in Bolivia 1999, by labor category

Laborer = Employment (#) // Employment (%) // Income ($)

1. Rural small-holder = 1,409,313 // 39.5 // 41.98
2. Agricultural worker (unskilled) = 66,672 // 1.8 // 124.73
3. Non-agricultural worker (unskilled) = 296,451 // 8.3 // 112
4. Urban informal = 878,203 // 24.6 // 71.40
5. Employee (skilled) = 626,368 // 17.5 // 213.34
6. Employer = 292,734 // 8.2 // 461.60
Total labor force = 3,569,741 // 100.0 // 121.06

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1. $ 59,161,856.03
2. $ 8,316,220.49
3. $ 33,203,083.24
4. $ 62,702,884.35
5. $ 133,627,472.30
6. $ 135,125,821.00
Total $ 432,137,337.41

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$ 432,137,337.41 divided by the labor force (who will provide for their families) which is 3,569,741 people is $ 121.06. So if everyone who works is paid $ 121.06 the previous calculations will occur, with the same percentages and same purchasing power increases. In fact, translating Bolivian economics and hypothetical redistribution policies into US dollars for mental comparisons actually shows better to American readers just how disasterous redistribution in Bolivia would be. With over 70% of society receiving above 188% to below 8% increases in income, the Bolivian economy would shut down completely as supply would run out as demand skyrockets. The Bolivian economy is not completely industrialized in the sense of the American economy. It is obviously not advanced like the American economy, and with 70% of all Bolivians in a state of poverty, does not possess the supplies to meet a skyrocketing of demand. Food would run out even quicker than in America because Bolivia doesn't possess the vast lands and farms and lacks adequate consumer markets in comparison to America. As humanitarian aid would eventually reach Bolivia, thousands of people would already be dead. Military personnel would be stationed in food markets and in farms, martial law would be declared, and until the military would calm the populace and until redistribution ended, there would be riots, killings, mass discontent, and looting.

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I am now 2-0 with no one even trying to rebut me. Any society: Bolivian, American, Luxembourgian; cannot handle redistribution. Any national economy based on medium-of-value currency economics would collapse as soon as the majority of society experienced vast increases in purchasing power. A Luxembourgian society with a relatively high per capita for such a small nation would still experience higher purchasing power for most of society, which would result in shortage for its nation. It would have to bring in imports, adding to its national debt.

If you still wanted economic equality but realize it's thus impossible in a currency-based society, you could enact it in communes, but that would entail planned economics, no currency, and a system of trade bartering for surplus and deficit. People would have to give up money, give up their livelihood, their jobs, and all the luxuries they can afford. You think you can force people to leave the cities and go into the countryside to form communes without a civil war? Even the poorest laborers would probably resist to this dramatic upheaval of socio-economic proportions.

In conclusion, mixed-market economics preserves the fragile balance between supply and demand. With redistribution unfortunately comes economic chaos. Obviously, a mixed market economy needs some government oversight and regulation into how businesses conduct their affairs. Businesses, like governments, cannot be trusted to run their own affairs by themselves, and thus need rules to abide by, and investigations when suspected of breaking those rules, or else we have no safeguards on the workings of the economy. And obviously, people who need economic assistance should be given assistance by their government they voted to protect themselves with. The homeless should be assisted, the hungry should be assisted, the disabled should be assisted. Some businesses provide services and goods to all three groups (there's more groups beyond these three major ones), but we can't completely rely on businesses because business can go broke or change their policies without any approval, and can only do so much. The government can do all three things if mere percentages are switched from military funding to social services, and the government needs approval from voters or from other lawmakers to change its policies and cancel any social service program.

Some of you like sorianofan have voiced in the past an unwillingness to depend on the government, and rather on charity of others. But if you sit on the street and hope people give you money, is that any way to live your life? Not only will you not get much, you won't get a job, you won't get a home, and you won't really live, will you? If you instead go to a charity organization or government social service organization for help, you'll probably get some help if not all the help you need. You might even get a job through their employment or employment-seeking programs. Only two choices of three choices I just listed will help you live your life in dignity if you lack the means to survive on your own. A government social service organization if they exist (I have no idea) will probably get you a job faster than an independent charity organization.

In conclusion (again) it's not a bad idea to help others. But radically or partially redistributing wealth would only lead to disaster as I've already evidenced.

Debunking redistribution in any form took less than one hour, a calculator, American income data, and a high school economics course.

Please read the whole thing or you won't understand.





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Some more thoughts to add:

Basically the conclusions one can gather from this socio-economic essay is, first, that a free market (be it laissez-faire or mixed) is the most efficient form of economics of all the examples and experiments in all of human development. We've gone from primitive tribal subsistence to bartering to primitive currency-based economics to feudalism and finally to the centuries-long experiment called capitalism. No one can change this overnight or within a century at the very least. While many societies were relatively wealthy relative to our standards, with their own forms of luxuries, throughout history, it's only recently with the advent of advanced capitalism and global economics that meritocracy is becoming more and more prevalent throughout human society. We'll never have a perfect system; there will always be dysmeritocracy (for lack of a better term) in which the wealthiest succeed regardless of their skills. But we can strive to make our system better and better just as our ancestors made human society better and better.

Second, the price of civilization is the concentration of wealth into the hands of the few. I share no similar sentiments of hierarchy with the Satanists on this forum, but I can recognize basic social stability requirements when I see them, and this is no exception.
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