Again, current is the flow of charge. Charge absolutely does flow through the dielectric. Charge is the field, not the particle.
I have a thought experiment for you. Imagine two positive point charges (Q1, Q2) separated by a distance (d). If I move Q1 1/4d this will move Q2 and a current will exist. Did no current flow through 1/2d? Because we'll end up with a Zeno's paradox situation here if you say no.
One coulomb is the charge of 6,241,509,074,460,762,607.776 elementary charges, not 16,000,000,000,000,000,000.
Okay, an electron is 1/16,000,000,000,000,000,000 of a coulomb. Who cares, it might as well be a gazillion. In real world applications, the actual number is mostly just trivia. The point being that in physics, single particles are not tracked as much as is the statistical average of very large numbers. In physics, the speed of light is 1, it simplifies calculations.
See my avatar? I have made engineering models of pieces of Erector and Meccano sets, allowing me to assemble computer generated images such as my avatar.
In sub atomic physics, an electron has a charge of -1. A proton has a charge of +1. But a proton is made up of three quarks, two ups and one down. An up quark has a charge of +2/3 and a down quark a charge of -1/3. Add them together and one gets (+2/3) + (+2/3) + (-1/3) = +3/3 = +1. A neutron has no net charge but it also is made up of three quarks, one up and two downs which results in the equation (+2/3) + (-1/3) + (-1/3) = 0. In liquid solutions, it is ions that provide the current. An Ion typically is a molecule that is either short an electron, or has an extra. Thus has a charge of +1 or -1. +1 being the absence of an electron and a -1 being an extra electron. The ions are held together by chemical bonds, which are based on electric charge. Thus, in a water solution, current travels in both directions. With a DC signal the ions tend to cluster around their respective electrode, and current stops, just as in a capacitor. When the signal is released, the ions begin to mingle about, bouncing off each other as they do. An AC signal causes the ions to move back and forth between the electrodes. In both cases, the ions retain their charge. Their gaining or losing none of it. So even though a signal can be passed through a water solution, the net charge in the solution remains the same, as no charge is passed. Charge is a fundamental characteristic of sub atomic particles, and not something that is independent of those sub atomic particles.
Magnitude is the only parameter that I was highlighting in the OP. In case it comes up in a family game of trivial pursuit?
Here's a bit of trivia. The elementary charge of an electron in Coulombs is 1.6x10^-19. this means that 6.24 x 10^18 electrons represent the charge of 1 Coulomb. 1 ÷ 1.6x10^19 is of course 6.24 x 10^-20 Engineering math. It's trivial.
And I am still wondering how you arrived at that conclusion. How did you get the fraction 1/16,000,000,000,000,000,000?