The Ocean Depths.

Discussion in 'Science' started by CCitizen, Jan 19, 2018.

  1. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    Deep oceans are dark and dreary places. Even one kilometer of water blocks sunlight completely. No human can survive the pressure of more then 20 atmospheres.

    The deepest water on Earth is Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. It is 11 km deep. The pressure at the bottom is 1,100 atmospheres. Mariana Trench is home to many exotic creatures and fish. Some deep sea fish produce light in order to navigate. In 1960s, humans have visited the trench using super-reinforced submergible vessels.

    Jupiter's satellite Europa is covered by a 150 km deep ocean. The pressure at the bottom is only 2,000 atmospheres. Europa's gravity is only .134 Earth's, thus the 150 km layer of water does not produce the pressure it would have produced on Earth. Another Jovian satellite is Ganymede --covered by a 800 km deep ocean. The pressure at the bottom is 11,600 atmospheres. At that pressure, the water freezes at 30 C.

    Europa's ocean contains four times as much water as all of Earth's seas and oceans. Ganymede's ocean contains forty times as much water as Earth's seas and oceans. It is unlikely that the vast oceans of Ganymede and Europa are inhabited by any fish or other sea creatures. These oceans are probably inhabited by bacteria. These bacteria may be very dangerous to everything inhabiting Earth -- people, animals, and plants.

    Kepler 10c is an exoplanet 568 light years away from us. Kepler 10c has a radius 3.35 times that of Earth. It is also 7.37 times heavier then Earth. It belongs to a class of terrestrial planets called Superearths. Kepler 10c is covered by an ocean to the depth of 3,400 km. The pressure at the bottom is 223,000 atmospheres. The ocean is completely devoid of life since the surface temperature is at least 1000 C. Kepler 10c has an extremely turbulent atmosphere. Thunderstorms and hurricanes are much stronger then anything on Earth.

    I was surprised to find an ocean vaster and deeper then that of Kepler 10c back in our Solar System. Neptune has a radius of 25,000 km. Top 5,000 km consist of a dense atmosphere of hydrogen and helium. Next 11,500 km consist of a water ocean which is a thousand times deeper then the deepest ocean on Earth. The ocean's temperature varies from 1,000 C at the top to 6,000 C at the bottom. The lower half of the ocean consists of hot metallic ice. Under the vast pressure of over a million atmospheres, the freezing point of water raises to 3,000 C. On top of this ice, there is a 10 km thick layer of pure diamond formed over a long time. Some of the huge diamond boulders sink into the ice and slowly move toward the bottom of the ocean. The bottom of the ocean contains a 100 km thick sphere of pure diamond.
     
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  2. primate

    primate Well-Known Member Past Donor

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    Very Kool!
     
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  3. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    Actually, #notalloceans are cool. Europa's and Ganymede's oceans are cold at -20 C to 0 C. Kepler 10c's ocean is 1000 C to 2000 C. Neptune's ocean is 1000 C to 6000 C.
     
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  4. primate

    primate Well-Known Member Past Donor

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    I didn't know any were that hot although I should have realized water near enough to the core would be.
     
  5. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    Kepler 10c's water is very hot at the surface as well -- the planet is close to it's host star.
     
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  6. Natural Citizen

    Natural Citizen Active Member

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    I'm pretty sure my watch would survive. Which is odd that they make em like that now that I think about it.
     
  7. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    What kind of watch is it?
     
  8. Natural Citizen

    Natural Citizen Active Member

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    A Force Recon made by Oris. About a thousand meters. I guess I over-exaggerated, but still, a thousand meters is farther than I will ever go.
     
    Last edited: Jan 23, 2018
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  9. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    Just looked it up -- WOW!
     
  10. Natural Citizen

    Natural Citizen Active Member

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    Ha. It's pretty nice, I guess. It looks its best at night time or in the dark when the lume lights up. I only have it because I didn't have to pay for it.

    Some watches can go 2 and 3 thousand meters, though. But they look like bricks.
     
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  11. camp_steveo

    camp_steveo Well-Known Member

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    Or, they may be very healthy bacteria. Just sayin...LOL
     
  12. DoctorWho

    DoctorWho Well-Known Member

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    And they may only be able to survive in their native environment with specific nutrients available in that environment, specific temperature range.
     
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  13. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    Maybe you are right. If they exist at all.
     
  14. Nightmare515

    Nightmare515 Ragin' Cajun Staff Member Past Donor

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    This one is speculation. Most scientists believe that Neptune is too warm and dry inside for actual "oceans" to form the way you describe. Neptune does contain an abundance of water but not necessarily in the pure liquid state as you have described. At the altitudes you described within Neptune the water is likely in a fog type state.
     
  15. CCitizen

    CCitizen Well-Known Member

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    We do not know what matter is like at pressures of 1 million to 10 million atmospheres and temperatures of several thousand Celsius.
     
  16. Nightmare515

    Nightmare515 Ragin' Cajun Staff Member Past Donor

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    True but we can make some educated guesses as to what it's probably not like and "liquid ocean" falls into that category.

    We may very well be wrong, but most scientists agree that Neptune likely doesn't contain a liquid ocean the way you described.
     
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