http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121009073634.htm ScienceDaily (Oct. 9, 2012) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2012 to Serge Haroche Collège de France and Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France and David J. Wineland National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and University of Colorado Boulder "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems." Through their ingenious laboratory methods Haroche and Wineland together with their research groups have managed to measure and control very fragile quantum states, which were previously thought inaccessible for direct observation. The new methods allow them to examine, control and count the particles. Their methods have many things in common. David Wineland traps electrically charged atoms, or ions, controlling and measuring them with light, or photons. Serge Haroche takes the opposite approach: he controls and measures trapped photons, or particles of light, by sending atoms through a trap cool Think of it this way, each molecular structure must have a specific wavelength of energy (photon) to even combine to become a molecule (elements/atoms to combine structures). Then they are like a sphere within its environment (a ball on the ocean). What this model is doing is changing how mass/energy (atoms/em(photon per se)) are viewed. Do not look so much at the billiard ball model as the exchange of energy. Try the sphere concept of an em (wave/photon) to combine a state (mass/energy) to a molecule. Almost like how much 'weight' can them 2 carry. Then observe each gas, liquid, solid, progression for each structure, in wavelengths/atoms. try it . each structure has thresholds, mark them!
Beyond Quantum Simulation: Physicists Create 'Crystal' of Spin-Swapping Ultracold Molecules Sep. 18, 2013 Physicists have created a crystal-like arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum "spin" properties with nearby and distant partners. The novel structure might be used to simulate or even invent new materials that derive exotic properties from quantum spin behavior, for electronics or other practical applications Scientists calculated the interaction energy that each molecule experiences with all other molecules in the lattice, with the energy intensity depending on the distance and angle between pairs (see graphic). JILA theorist Ana Maria Ray's modeling of spin oscillations and time periods agreed with the experimental measurements. Ye says the spin-swapping interactions "entangle" the molecules, a signature feature of the quantum world that links the properties of physically separated particles another nobel?
