A Neanderthal living 120,000 years ago had a cancer that is common today, according to a fossil study. A fossilised Neanderthal rib found in a shallow cave at Krapina, Croatia, shows signs of a bone tumour. The discovery is the oldest evidence yet of a tumour in the human fossil record, say US scientists.
Neanderthals may still be with us.... Interbreeding With Neanderthals Telltale evidence of ancient liaisons with Neanderthals and other extinct human relatives can be found in the DNA of billions of people. http://discovermagazine.com/2013/march/14-interbreeding-neanderthals#.UbzjHdjNlTE and... First Love Child of Human, Neanderthal Found The skeletal remains of an individual living in northern Italy 40,000-30,000 years ago are believed to be that of a human/Neanderthal hybrid, according to a paper in PLoS ONE. http://news.discovery.com/human/evo...dence-of-interbreeding-with-humans-130327.htm Come on now, you KNOW you either know or have seen folks like this... (CNN) - Apparently, there's a bit of Neanderthal in many of us, according to a newly released study. Research says modern humans of non-African heritage have distant genetic ties to Neanderthals - cousins of modern humans who went extinct 30,000 years ago. http://lightyears.blogs.cnn.com/2011/07/26/feeling-like-a-neanderthal-heres-why/
everyone here alive and whinning is from a single celled (sperm/egg) combination and evolved from there. call me a liar but im definitely not gay
possum thinks dat's a scarey lookin' skull fer Halloween... Unique Skull Find Rebuts Theories On Species Diversity in Early Humans Oct. 17, 2013 This is the best-preserved fossil find yet from the early era of our genus. The particularly interesting aspect is that it displays a combination of features that were unknown to us before the find. The skull, found in Dmanisi by anthropologists from the University of Zurich as part of a collaboration with colleagues in Georgia funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, has the largest face, the most massively built jaw and teeth and the smallest brain within the Dmanisi group. =snip=
http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/10/17/18-million-year-old-skull-shakes-humanitys-family-tree/ 1.8-million-year-old skull shakes mankinds family tree...
Granny says mebbe dat explains Uncle Ferd... Modern humans more Neanderthal than once thought, studies suggest 29 Jan.`14 - It's getting harder and harder to take umbrage if someone calls you a Neanderthal.
ALL hail the adolescent in the sky. He has planted this false evidence to test our faith! do not believe the work of these heretics.
Individual graphs show that the probability of Neanderthal ancestry for one European and one East-Asian are much greater than an individual from Sub-Saharan Africa. The genome sequence of a 50,000-year-old Neanderthal fossil was compared to the DNA of modern humans from Africa to Asia and Africans have little or no Neanderthal DNA since their ancestors did not breed with Neanderthals who lived in Europe and Asia. It's known that the frequency of introgressive Neanaderthal haplotypes is higher in East Asians (4%) than in Europeans (2.5%) and archaic introgression first occurred in the ancestral population of modern East Asians, while the introgressive haplotypes in Europeans could be the result of recent gene flow from East Asians to Europeans. East Asians are genetically more archaic than Europeans and Neanderthal/H. sapience interbreeding may have taken place only among the ancestors of East Asians, who were better positioned to admix with the Neanderthals as they came out of Africa earlier than Europeans, and the Altai region is the most likely region that Neanderthal/H. sapience interbreeding took place. Neanderthal DNA was subsequently passed on to Europeans when Europeans genetically split from East Asians with a light-skin genetic mutation known as the A111T mutation that occurred less than 50,000 years ago.
My disagreement. Neanderthal was a predominately European, West Russia experience. Peoples from Europe to West Russia have football shaped craniums, like Neanderthal. Other modern peoples have round craniums. The answer may be in knowing how much genome H. erectus and Neanderthal shared. One of my favs is Chinese anthropologist pointing out their most modern H. erectus is developing that Asiatic feature of flattened cheek bones. I side with physical anthropology given the choice. Moi Euros have more Neanderthal No
Scientist have found evidence of accumulation of a Neanderthal DNA region found on chromosome 3 that contains 18 genes, with several related to UV-light adaptation. Their results reveal this region was positively selected and enriched in East Asians, ranging from up to 49 percent in Japanese to 66 percent in Southern Chinese. Are there any advantages to the retention of Neanderthal DNA that favors modern humans? In a new article published in Molecular Biology and Evolution, authors Jin, et. al., present evidence for the accumulation of a Neanderthal DNA region found on chromosome 3 that contains 18 genes, with several related to UV-light adaptation, including the Hyal2 gene. Their results reveal this region was positively selected and enriched in East Asians, ranging from up to 49 percent in Japanese to 66 percent in Southern Chinese. Interestingly, the authors note, the geographic distribution of the Neanderthal genomic region suggests that UV-light mutations were shown to be lost during the exodus of modern human from Africa, and reintroduced to Eurasians from Neanderthals. "Overall, it is still very controversial whether there is more Neanderthal DNA contributions to Asians than Europeans, as we have evidence to argue against this," said Lin. "Although in the case of the Hyal2 variant, it did indeed have a higher frequency in Asians." From 45,000 years to 5,000 years before present, effective population sizes of the Neanderthal region increased at a steady rate. Notably, the growth rate of the effective population size increased at around 5,000 to 3,500 years before present, which suggests a population expansion event. This Asian-specific Neanderthal evolutionary event is also consistent with previous reports of higher levels of Neanderthal ancestry in East Asians than in Europeans. Q. Ding, Y. Hu, S. Xu, J. Wang, L. Jin. Neanderthal Introgression at Chromosome 3p21.31 was Under Positive Natural Selection in East Asians. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2013; DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mst260 http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/12/131218100229.htm
Mebbe is why some got flat noses... Fistfights Drove Human Face Evolution, Utah Researchers Suggest June 09, 2014 WASHINGTON The human face evolved so that it could take a punch, researchers suggest in a new study.
I was reading how a male chimpanzee fights and remember some victims of attacks. They bite off noses, faces, fingers, genitals (seen in "Quest for Fire"), etc. That "humans" would grow softer, more prominent facial features than a chimp may well demonstrate a change in fighting style. Like, it is safe to have a real nose now ? Ya think. Meanwhile, check this out. Remember: Continuity through continuous hybridization. Not species in species out. http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/806686-the-human-skull-that-challenges-the-out-of-africa-theory/ A skull "was found to be 700,000 years old, making it the oldest human europeoid (presenting European traits)" Computer gonna crash, gotta upload. Moi
an attempt to justify racism with science..."greeks claiming they evolved separately", the "chinese claiming they volved separately", both are founded in racism ....the DNA is definitive greeks, chinese, russian, indigenous americans, africans EVERYONE is related, we are all one enormous family ....
No claim of superiority is claimed. Isn't that a requirement of racism? In medicine their are some racial differences. Think of the metabolism of alcohol for starters. Differences, Yes. Superiority, No. Except in a drinking contest, maybe. Features that are associated with race appear to have their roots all the way back 700,000 years ago. The H. erectus with flattening of the cheek bones in China too. (Easy search) Isn't that just, "interesting" on its' own ? A million years earlier this H. erectus may have been http://www.reviewjournal.com/news/18m-year-old-skull-gives-glimpse-human-evolution from DMANISI, Georgia. Where oh where is Cro Magnon people through it all ? Moi 2.9% Neanderthal according to 23andMe r > g No
Petralona skull During the 1980s, the age of the Petralona hominid estimated by Poulianos was challenged by an article in Nature. The scientists involved used electron spin resonance measurements and dated the age of the skull to between 160,000 and 240,000 years old. [4] However, Poulianos states that his excavations in the cave since 1968 provide evidence of human occupation from the Pleistocene era.[2] The Petralona hominid, specifically, was located in a stratigraphic layer containing the most amount of tools and traces of habitation. Poulianos states that the age of the overall layer is approximately 670,000 years old, based on electron spin resonance measurements.[2] Further excavations at Petralona revealed two human skeletons that were dated to be 800,000 years old.[5] Today, most academics who have analyzed the Petralona remains classify the hominid as Homo erectus.[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aris_Poulianos Homo electrus The age of the hominid cranium discovered in 1960 in a limestone cave near Petralona (Greece) is a continuing cause of controversy. The age of the skull, which was apparently encrusted by brown calcite soon after the death of the individual concerned, has been variously estimated at between 70,0001 and 700,0002 yr. Here we show using electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements of the calcite encrustation and of bone fragments that the age of the Petralona hominid lies between 160,000 and 240,000 yr. We also demonstrate, by trace element analysis, that the composition of the calcite encrustation is the same as that of the very top of the travertine floor. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v292/n5823/abs/292533a0.html
no its superiority, ethnic groups denying the what the science says to prove they are not like everyone else(they alone are unique)no different than nazi ideology claiming germans were not like everyone else...but dna verified that they too were just like everyone else, all members of the same family... DNA proves you wrong, clinging to outdated science to support cherished personal theories isn't objective...its bad science...learn a lesson from Savante Paabo one of the founders of paleogenetics, he said openly that he believed neanderthal and homo sapiens could not interbreed, until his own labratory proved him wrong.... should keep his earlier denial going Moi621 style or accept what the evidence tells him?
Au Contraire (That's Canadian for "on the contrary" ) DNA evidence indicates persons Sub Saharan linage lack an active immune gene acquired from some archaic human lineage. Decades ago the argument was for complete genetic replacement of archaic peoples. Today it favors hybridization. Moi r > g No
A research group at Bonn University and international collaborators discovered a novel receptor, which allows the immune system of modern humans to recognize dangerous invaders, and subsequently elicits an immune response. The blueprint for this advantageous structure was in addition identified in the genome of Neanderthals, hinting at its origin. The receptor provided these early humans with immunity against local diseases. The presence of this receptor in Europeans but its absence in early men suggests that it was inherited from Neanderthals. The results have been published in advance online in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. The printed edition is expected in a following issue. When pathogens infect the human body, the immune system identifies and attacks dangerous invaders. During evolution, an efficient defence system developed, which vaguely resembles methods used by secret agents. With the help of certain genes, the human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) produces receptors that assess the risk rate of the pathogens using their profile which has just eight amino acids. “This function can be compared to a text which is identified by a spy as being suspicious, based on just a few letters of a word,” says Prof. Dr. Norbert Koch from the Institute for Genetics, Department of Immunobiology at the University of Bonn. This receptor, which is abbreviated as “HLA-DRaDPb”, consists of the combination of subunits of already known receptors. Scientists compared the gene sequence, which encodes the discovered receptor, with data bases and determined that an estimated two-thirds of Europeans carry this important structure. Even Prof. Koch carries the blueprint for this “spy”, as one of his students found out by sequencing his DNA. Scientists were nonetheless surprised to learn that the gene sequence required for this receptor is rare in people in southern Africa, the region known as the cradle of mankind. “When early man, the ancestor of today’s humans, left Africa and migrated a few hundred thousand years ago to Europe, he did not yet have this receptor,” says Prof. Koch. Prof. Dr. Svante Pääbo from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig played a leading role in 2010 in sequencing and presenting the Neanderthal genome. So, scientists examined whether Neanderthals as an example of early men had the key gene sequence which contains the blueprint for the receptor. Dr. Sebastian Temme, who conducted a major part of the experimental work, compiled, together with colleagues from Düsseldorf, the sequence of the Neanderthal genome, from small fragments obtained from the Neanderthal data base. “The identified Neanderthal gene sequence is almost identical with that of modern humans,” concludes Prof. Koch. Neanderthals probably lived many hundreds of thousands of years in Europe during which time they developed the HLA receptor that provided them with immunity against many pathogens. This means that different to our ancestors from Africa, the Neanderthals which were resident in Europe, carried this receptor on their immune cells. That was a distinct evolutionary advantage,” says the immunobiologist from the University of Bonn, who presumes that we modern humans in Europe owe this advantageous receptor to the Neanderthals. http://www3.uni-bonn.de/Press-releases/research-team-discovers-201cimmune-gene201d-in-neanderthals
There is no genetic evidence to support hybridization with a resident population of homo erectus as you claim...
Science vol 326, 30, October 2009 page 655 "Signs of Early Homo sapiens in China" about hybrid jaw and other findings. "Chinese trace their roots to primitive Asian populations including H. erectus, that bred with H. sapiens from Africa". There are lots of such references from Chinese anthropologist besides this article. And National Geograpnic's committed volume on H. erectus some years ago. Wyly does ref. "genetic evidence". The problem is we have no Erectus genome. My bet is Denisova will prove to be Neanderthal - Erectus hybrids and the unidentified Denisova genome will be H. erectus. Read me now and believe me later. Moi r > g No
