Time for the U.S. to Colonize the Moon and Mars.

Neither ESA nor JAXA have the capability to launch humans. USA does have the capability to supply the ISS with SpaceX Dragon and Orbital Cygnus. And it has multiple manned and unmanned spacecrafts under active development.

 

For decades all NASA has been doing is placing people in low Earth Orbit but NASA has done some incredible work in Robotic Probes.

But it is time we get people back to the Moon and we should have already been to Mars.

AboveAlpha

 

I believe some bases on the ocean floor could help with some logistics issues.

 

ha ha ha lol

 

Men in orbit today is technically child's play and those companies are paid to shuttle people and supplies to the ISS.

The primary issues of colonizing Mars is not going to be the months of travel time...it's everything else.

 

Germany lacks the will for any sort of major space effort. As you said, you could probably handle the technical aspects, but your country would never mobilize (and that's what it would take) behind such an effort. Space will probably end up belonging to the Chinese. They have money, technical ability (although limited at this point) and will.

 

space will not belong the chinese, they lack any cultural will to explore and develop.

 

I would not underestimate their interests;

Organization[edit]

Initially the space program of the PRC was organized under the People's Liberation Army, particularly the Second Artillery Corps. In the 1990s, however, the PRC reorganized the space program as part of a general reorganization of the defense industry to make it resemble Western defense procurement.

The China National Space Administration, an agency within the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense currently headed by Sun Laiyan, is now responsible for launches. The Long March rocket is produced by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, and satellites are produced by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The latter organizations are state-owned enterprises; however, it is the intent of the PRC government that they should not be actively state managed and that they should behave much as private companies would in the West.

Universities and institutes[edit]

The space program also has close links with:
School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University
School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University
College of Aeronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University

Space cities[edit]
Dongfeng space city (东风航天&#22478，also known as Base 20 (二十基&#22320 or Dongfeng base (东风基&#22320[19]
Beijing space city (北京航天&#22478
Wenchang space city (文昌航天&#22478
Shanghai space city (上海航天&#22478
Yantai space city (烟台航天&#22478[20][21]
Guizhou Aerospace Industrial Park (贵州航天高新技术产业&#22253，also known as Base 061 (航天○六一基&#22320, founded in 2002 after approval of Project 863 for industrialization of aerospace research centers (“国家863计划成果产业化基地&#8221.[22]

Suborbital launch sites[edit]
Nanhui (南汇县老港镇东进&#26449 First successful launch of a T-7M sounding rocket on February 19, 1960.[3]
Base 603 (安徽广德誓节渡中国科学院六○三基&#22320 Also known as Guangde Launch Site (广德发射&#22330.[23] The first successful flight of a biological experimental T-7A(S1) sounding rocket transporting eight white mice was launched and recovered on July 19, 1964.[24]

Satellite launch centers[edit]

The PRC operates 4 satellite launch centers:
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC)
Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC)
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center (TSLC)
Wenchang Satellite Launch Center (WSLC)

Monitoring and control centers[edit]
Beijing Aerospace Command and Control Center (BACCC)
Xian Satellite Monitor and Control Center (XSCC) also known as Base 26（二十六基地）
Fleet of six Yuanwang-class space tracking ships.[25]
Data relay satellite (数据中继卫&#26143 Tianlian I (天链一&#21495, specially developed to decrease the communication time between the Shenzhou 7 spaceship and the ground; it will also improve the amount of data that can be transferred. The current orbit coverage of 12 percent will thus be increased to a total of about 60 percent.[26][27]
Deep Space Tracking Network composed with radio antennas in Beijing, Shanghai, Kunming and Urumuqi, forming a 3000 km VLBI（甚长基线干涉）.[28]

Domestic tracking stations[edit]
New integrated land-based space monitoring and control network stations, forming a large triangle with Kashi in the north-west of China, Jiamusi in the north-east and Sanya in the south.[29]
Weinan Station
Changchun Station
Qingdao Station
Zhanyi Station
Nanhai Station
Tianshan Station
Xiamen Station
Lushan Station
Jiamusi Station
Dongfeng Station
Hetian Station

Overseas tracking stations[edit]
Karachi Station
Tarawa Station, Kiribati (dismantled in 2003[30])
Malindi Station
Swakopmund tracking station in Namibia

Plus shared space tracking facilities with France, Brazil, Sweden and Australia.

Crewed spacecraft landing site[edit]
Siziwang Banner

Crewed spaceflight programs[edit]

Project 714[edit]

Main article: Shuguang spacecraft

As the Space Race between the two superpowers reached its climax with the conquest of the Moon, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai decided on July 14, 1967 that the PRC should not be left behind, and therefore initiated China's own crewed space program. The top-secret Project 714 aimed to put two people into space by 1973 with the Shuguang spacecraft. Nineteen PLAAF pilots were selected for this goal on March 1971. The Shuguang-1 spacecraft to be launched with the CZ-2A rocket was designed to carry a crew of two. The program was officially cancelled on May 13, 1972 for economic reasons, though the internal politics of the Cultural Revolution likely motivated the closure.

The short-lived second crewed program was based on the successful implementation of landing technology (third in the World after USSR and USA) by FSW satellites. It was announced few times in 1978 with the open publishing of some details including photos, but then was abruptly canceled in 1980. It has been argued that the second crewed program was created solely for propaganda purposes, and was never intended to produce results.[31]

Project 863[edit]

A new crewed space program was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in March 1986, as Astronautics plan 863-2. This consisted of a crewed spacecraft (Project 863-204) used to ferry astronaut crews to a space station (Project 863-205). In September of that year, astronauts in training were presented by the Chinese media. The various proposed crewed spacecraft were mostly spaceplanes. Project 863 ultimately evolved into the 1992 Project 921.

Project 921[edit]

Spacecraft[edit]

Main article: Shenzhou program

In 1992, authorization and funding was given for the first phase of Project 921, which was a plan to launch a crewed spacecraft. The Shenzhou program had four uncrewed test flights and two crewed missions. The first one was Shenzhou 1 on November 20, 1999. On January 9, 2001 Shenzhou 2 launched carrying test animals. Shenzhou 3 and Shenzhou 4 were launched in 2002, carrying test dummies. Following these was the successful Shenzhou 5, China's first crewed mission in space on October 15, 2003, which carried Yang Liwei in orbit for 21 hours and made China the third nation to launch a human into orbit. Shenzhou 6 followed two years later ending the first phase of the Project 921. Missions are launched on the Long March 2F rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The China Crewed Space Engineering Office provides engineering and administrative support for the crewed Shenzhou missions.[32]

Space laboratory[edit]

Main article: Project 921-2

The second phase of the Project 921 started with Shenzhou 7, China's first spacewalk mission. Then, two crewed missions were planned to the first Chinese space laboratory. The PRC initially designed the Shenzhou spacecraft with docking technologies imported from Russia, therefore compatible with the International Space Station (ISS). On September 29, 2011, China launched Tiangong 1. This target module is intended to be the first step to testing the technology required for a planned space station.

On October 31, 2011, a Long March 2F rocket lifted the Shenzhou 8 uncrewed spacecraft which docked twice with the Tiangong 1 module. The Shenzhou 9 craft took off on 16 June 2012 with a crew of 3. It successfully docked with the Tiangong-1 laboratory on 18 June 2012, at 06:07 UTC, marking China's first manned spacecraft docking.[33] Another manned mission, Shenzhou 10, launched on 11 June 2013 . The Tiangong 1 target module is then expected to be deorbited.[34]

A second space lab, Tiangong 2, is scheduled for launch in 2015. This will be larger than Tiangong 1 at some 20 tons and 14.4 metres length and will be visited by future Shenzhou missions, though exact details are not yet available.

Space station[edit]





Shenzhou 5 re-entry module
Main articles: Chinese space station and Tiangong program

A larger basic permanent space station (基本型空间&#31449 would be the third and last phase of Project 921. This will be a modular design with an eventual weight of around 60 tons, to be completed sometime before 2020. The first section, designated Tiangong 3, is scheduled for launch after Tiangong 2.[35] Tiangong 3 will weigh 22 tons and be 18.1 metres long. Additional modules will be connected over several missions to build the space station.

This could also be the beginning of China's crewed international cooperation, the existence of which was officially disclosed for the first time after the launch of Shenzhou 7.[36]

The Chinese space station is scheduled to be completed in 2020, just as the International Space Station is scheduled to retire.[37]

Proposed lunar exploration[edit]

Main article: Chinese Lunar Exploration Program

In February 2004, the PRC formally started the implementation phase of its uncrewed Moon exploration project. According to Sun Laiyan, administrator of the China National Space Administration, the project will involve three phases: orbiting the Moon; landing; and returning samples. The first phase planned to spend 1.4 billion renminbi (approx. US$170 million) to orbit a satellite around the Moon before 2007, which is ongoing. Phase two involves sending a lander before 2010. Phase three involves collecting lunar soil samples before 2020.

On November 27, 2005, the deputy commander of the crewed spaceflight program announced that the PRC planned to complete a space station and a crewed mission to the Moon by 2020, assuming funding was approved by the government.

On December 14, 2005, it was reported "an effort to launch lunar orbiting satellites will be supplanted in 2007 by a program aimed at accomplishing an uncrewed lunar landing. A program to return uncrewed space vehicles from the moon will begin in 2012 and last for five years, until the crewed program gets underway" in 2017, with a crewed Moon landing some time after that.[38]

Nonetheless, the decision to develop a totally new moon rocket in the 1962 Soviet UR-700M-class (Project Aelita) able to launch a 500 ton payload in LTO[dubious – discuss] and a more modest 50 tons LTO payload LV has been discussed in a 2006 conference by academician Zhang Guitian (张贵&#30000, a liquid propellant rocket engine specialist, who developed the CZ-2 and CZ-4A rockets engines.[39][40][41]

On June 22, 2006, Long Lehao, deputy chief architect of the lunar probe project, laid out a schedule for China's lunar exploration. He set 2024 as the date of China's first moonwalk.[42]

In September 2010, it was announced that the country is planning to carry out explorations in deep space by sending a man to the Moon by 2025. China also hopes to bring a moon rock sample back to Earth in 2017, and subsequently build an observatory on the Moon's surface. Ye Peijian, Commander in Chief of the Chang’e programme and an academic at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, added that China has the "full capacity to accomplish Mars exploration by 2013."[43][44]

As indicated by the official Chinese Lunar Exploration Program insignia, denoted by a calligraphic Moon ideogram (&#26376 in the shape of a nascent lunar crescent, with two human footsteps at its center, the ultimate objective of the program is to establish a permanent human presence on the Earth's natural satellite.

Yang Liwei declared at the 16th Human in Space Symposium of International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) in Beijing, on May 22, 2007 that building a lunar base was a crucial step to realize a flight to Mars and farther planets.[45]

According to practice, since the whole project is only at a very early preparatory research phase, no official crewed Moon program has been announced yet by the authorities. But its existence is nonetheless revealed by regular intentional leaks in the media.[46] A typical example is the Lunar Roving Vehicle (月球&#36710 that was shown on a Chinese TV channel (东方卫&#35270 during the 2008 May Day celebrations.

Mission to Mars and beyond[edit]

See also: Yinghuo-1

Sun Laiyan, administrator of the China National Space Administration, said on July 20, 2006 that China would start deep space exploration focusing on Mars over the next five years, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006–2010) Program period.[47]

The first uncrewed Mars exploration program could take place between 2014–2033, followed by a crewed phase in 2040-2060.[48] The Mars 500 study of 2011 prepared for this manned mission.

Moreover, in order to make crewed flight in deep space toward Mars safer, a space weather forecast system will be completed by 2017 with the Kuafu[49] mission satellites placed at the Lagrangian Point L1.[50]

The Chief designer of the Shenzhou spacecraft has stated in 2006 in an interview that:

“ 搞航天工程不是要达成升空之旅，

而是要让人可以正常在太空中工作，
为将来探索火星、土星等作好准备。

Carrying out space programs is not aimed at sending humans into space per se,
but instead at enabling humans to work in space normally,
also preparing for the future exploration of Mars, Saturn and beyond.
”

—CAS Academician Qi Faren[51]


Goals[edit]

The PRC's space program has several goals. The China National Space Administration policy white paper lists its short term goals as:[52]
Build a long term earth observation system
Set up an independent satellite telecommunications network
Establish an independent satellite navigation and positioning system
Provide commercial launch services
Set up a remote sensing system
Study space science such as microgravity, space materials, life sciences, and astronomy
Plan for exploration of the moon

Among their stated longer term goals are:
Improve their standing in the world of space science
Establish a crewed space station
Crewed missions to the moon
Establish a crewed lunar base
Unmanned mission to Mars

List of projects[edit]

Satellites and science[edit]
Space-Based ASAT System small and nano-satellites developed by the Small Satellite Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Space Technology.[53]
The Double Star Mission comprised two satellites launched in 2003 and 2004, jointly with ESA, to study the Earth's magnetosphere.[54]
Earth observation, remote sensing or reconnaissance satellites series: CBERS, Dong Fang Hong, Fanhui Shi Weixing, Yaogan and Ziyuan 3.
Tianlian 2 (天链二&#21495 Next generation data relay satellite (DRS) system, based on the DFH-4 satellite bus, with two satellites providing up to 85% coverage.[55]
Beidou navigation system or Compass Navigation Satellite System, composed of 60 to 70 satellites, during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period (2006–2010).[56]
Astrophysics research, with the launch of the world's largest Solar Space Telescope in 2008, and Project 973 Space Hard X-Ray Modulation Telescope (硬X射线调制望远镜HXMT) by 2010.[57]
Kuafu mission satellites for space weather forecasts will be completed by 2012.[58]
Deep Space Tracking Network with the completion of the FAST, the world's largest single dish radio antenna of 500 m in Guizhou, and a 3000 km VLBI radio antenna.[59]
A Deep Impact-style mission to test process of re-directing the direction of an asteroid or comet.[60][dead link]

Satellite launch center[edit]
Hainan Spaceport Fourth and southernmost space center, will be upgraded to suit the new CZ-5 Heavy ELV and crewed lunar missions

Launch vehicles[edit]
LM-5D
Air-Launched SLV able to place a 50 kilogram plus payload to 500 km SSO[61]
Kaituozhe-2
Kaituozhe-1 (开拓者一&#21495, KT-1A (开拓者一号&#30002, KT-2 (开拓者二&#21495, KT-2A (开拓者一二&#30002 New class of all-solid orbital launch vehicles
Kaituozhe-1B (开拓者一号&#20057 with addition of two solid boosters[62]
CZ-1D based on a CZ-1 but with a new N2O4/UDMH second stage
CZ-2E(A) Intended for launch of Chinese space station modules. Payload capacity up to 14 tons in LEO and 9000 (kN) liftoff thrust developed by 12 rocket engines, with enlarged fairing of 5.20 m in diameter and length of 12.39 m to accommodate large spacecraft[63]
CZ-2F/G Modified CZ-2F without escape tower, specially used for launching unmanned missions such as Shenzhou cargo and space laboratory module with payload capacity up to 11.2 tons in LEO[64]
CZ-3B(A) More powerful Long March rockets using larger-size liquid propellant strap-on motors, with payload capacity up to 13 tons in LEO
CZ-3C Launch vehicle combining CZ-3B core with two boosters from CZ-2E
Chang Zheng 5 Second generation ELV with more efficient and nontoxic propellents (25 tonnes in LEO)
Chang Zheng 6 or Small Launch Vehicle, with short launch preparation period, low cost and high reliability, to meet the launch need of small satellites up to 500 kg to 700 km SSO, first flight for 2010; with Fan Ruixiang (范瑞&#31077 as Chief designer of the project[65][66][67]
Chang Zheng 7 used for Phase 4 of Lunar Exploration Program (嫦娥-4 工&#31243, that is permanent base (月面驻&#30041 expected for 2024; Second generation Heavy ELV for lunar and deep space trajectory injection (70 tonnes in LEO), capable of supporting a Soviet L1/L3-like lunar landing mission[68]
Project 921-3 Space Shuttle—second generation manned spacecraft Shenlong Spaceplane
HTS Maglev Launch Assist Space Shuttle New second generation manned, reusable spacecraft
Long March 9
Long March 11

Space exploration[edit]





Insignia of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP)Project 921-1—Shenzhou spacecraft
Project 921-2—Chinese Space Laboratory and Chinese Permanent Space Station, short term and then permanent occupation[69][70]
Shenzhou Cargo (货运飞&#33337— unmanned version of the Shenzhou spacecraft to resupply the Chinese Permanent Space Station
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program First phase lunar program (嫦娥-1 工&#31243—launched in 2007 with CZ-3A: two unmanned lunar orbital probes
Second phase lunar program (嫦娥-2 工&#31243—launched in 2012 with CZ-5/E:first Moon landing of a couple of rovers
Third phase lunar program (嫦娥-3 工&#31243—to be launched in 2017 with CZ-5/E: automated Moon landing and return sample
Fourth phase lunar program (嫦娥-4 工&#31243—to be launched in 2024 with CZ-7: manned mission and permanent bases (月面驻&#30041[71]

Chinese exploration of Mars—The Yinghuo-1 orbiter was launched in November 2011 in the joint Fobos-Grunt mission with Russia, but it failed to leave Earth orbit and underwent destructive re-entry on 15 January 2012. Further planned missions include rover landers and possible crewed missions in the far future. Anatoly Perminov, head of the Russian Space Agency has revealed in September 2006 in RIA Novosti that China was about to sign a contract by the end of 2006 to participate in a Russian project to bring soil back to Earth from Phobos, one of Mars two moons.[72] The mission will also collect samples on Mars, according to Xinhua.[73]
Deep space exploration—spacefaring through the entire Solar system

Research[edit]

The Center for Space Science and Applied Research (CSSAR), was founded in 1987 by merging the former Institute of Space Physics (i.e. the Institute of Applied Geophysics founded in 195 and the Center for Space Science and Technology (founded in 197. The research fields of CSSAR mainly cover 1. Space Engineering Technology; 2. Space Weather Exploration, Research, and Forecasting; 3. Microwave Remote Sensing and Information Technology.

 

nothing that impress me. Till yet all old trash that others did already in the 60th. Reversed engineerd.

 

Well...I partially agree. Constructing and keeping a Human Colony viable on Mars is a daunting challenge....but it will be much easier if supply ships from Earth or the Moon can get what is need to Mars in periods of several weeks not 6 months or a year.

In order to build such a colony at first a massive amount of supplies and equipment would need to be sent to Mars....and if something catastrophic happened to such a colony during it's construction being able to get life saving parts from Earth or the Moon in 14 to 21 days is a MUST.

AboveAlpha

 

You are correct....none of this posted is anything of any real value on a level required for China to be a driving force in Space Exploration or Colonization anywhere near even just Germany alone.

AboveAlpha

 

I believe we should work out any logistical issues by building non-mobile bases on the ocean floor, which can in turn build mobile bases for better exploration and research.

 

Well...although round-trip flights are possible, I'm guessing most will travel to the outpost then stay for months/years then return to Earth if they wish. If I was going I would assume it was a one-way trip. If you launch a vehicle from Earth every month then one will arrive every month at the destination point...or every week...whatever is affordable and manageable. Regarding emergency service to Mars or wherever, I'm thinking this is not in the cards...

 

I believe we should work out any logistical issues by building non-mobile bases on the ocean floor, which can in turn build mobile bases for better exploration and research. I forgot to internalize my propaganda and rhetoric better, I should have have added; regardless of climate change.

 

Launch windows make things more complicated.

 

I believe rail gun technologies would be beneficial in sending materiel. They should work in reverse as well on the other side.

 

You better get a move on as the Japanese are already planning a huge solar farm up there. I am all for Americans colonies on the Moon and Mars, hopefully they can get their whole population up there and leave us in peace.

 

Interesting. But is it viable? Solar energy is a backward energy-flux-density investment on earth. Why should it be any more efficient on the moon?

“Doing this in space is not a good idea because it is fantastically expensive and you probably never recover the energy you have to invest.”

http://www.independent.co.uk/life-s...into-a-giant-solar-panel-station-8969866.html

I'm leaning heavily in favor of Kurmugeons push to mine Helium 3.

 

If there happens to be humanoids already living there I guess we can just kill them all and take their land kinda like we did the American indian
The pictures the Curiosity Rover has been sending back for almost a year have proved beyond any shadow of a doubt the existence of a humanoid civilization on Mars. Why does NASA refuse to acknowledge what their evidence shows ? Instead there's is very strong evidence they are manipulating the images to cover up even more conclusive evidence. This is not a conspiracy theory ,this is irrefutable fact. How do you explain NASA'S reluctance to admit to reality .

People look up Curiosity And Mars Anomalies on YouTube . Very credible and undeniable evidence of life on Mars Being covered up by NASA. You don't really think we're spending billions of dollars and about to spend billions more on a rover that's gong to be equipped to sample DNA , just to look at a bunch of rocks do you !
Here’s a few to get you started
Tell me these aren't fossils.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XAUumX4yBE

www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3vWMhs2mPc
Mars Egyptian Statue
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvOWnkJHHBI

Proposed Studies on the Implications of Peaceful Space Activities for Human Affairs, often referred to as "the Brookings Report," was a 1960 report commissioned by NASA and created by the Brookings Institution in collaboration with NASA's Committee on Long-Range Studies. It was submitted to the House Committee on Science and Astronautics of the United States House of Representatives in the 87th United States Congress on April 18, 1961.[1] It was entered into the Congressional Record and can be found in any library possessing the Congressional Record for that year.
The report has become noted for one short section titled, "The implications of a discovery of extraterrestrial life," which examines the potential implications of such a discovery on public attitudes and values. The section briefly considers possible public reactions to some possible scenarios for the discovery of extraterrestrial life, stressing a need for further research in this area. It recommends continuing studies to determine the likely social impact of such a discovery and its effects on public attitudes, including study of the question of how leadership should handle information about such a discovery and under what circumstances leaders might or might not find it advisable to withhold such information from the public.
While not specifically recommending a cover-up of evidence of extraterrestrial life, Proposed Studies on the Implications of Peaceful Space Activities for Human Affairs does suggest that contact with intelligent extraterrestrial life (or strong evidence of its reality) could have a disruptive effect on human societies. Moreover, it does mention the possibility that leadership might wish to withhold evidence of extraterrestrial life from the public under some conditions.[4]

 

This is a joke, right? I looked through your videos and it is clear they are all just rocks with funny shapes. If this is what you call evidence of alien civilisation then I have a bridge to sell you.

 

Where the rover is setting in that ancient sea bed make sure you start the video from the start . there's a head and almost complete backbone of a marine dinosaur. There are drawings on some of the rocks. if you look close there are hundreds of fossils. I'm posting some more. at least watch the first one . If you can't see what the narrator is pointing out . you need glasses or a new computer or something.

Here’s a few videos to prove my point.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkRnMYBJeCc Egyptian carvings
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvOWnkJHHBI Egyptian statue
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XAUumX4yBE Ancient sea bed 100’s of fossils
www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU3Ye1hk9H4 Mound city
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3vWMhs2mPc Humanoids

 

You mean this?



Its just a rock.

 

I don't know if it's a joke so much as a condition of of sad, lonely individual with too much time on his hands. But hey, the same kooky ideas worked out for L. Ron Hubbard, didn't they?

 

That's not conclusive ,It's the one before that . The video starts with a monkey evolving in to a man as an intro. 2min and 13 sec in is the best image

 

2min 13 sec in of the fossil video paid denying troll . Why don't you guys just give up the truth is going to come out . What did you think of that first.one. I could tell you the sun comes up in the east and sets in the west and you'd try and debunk it.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkRnMYBJeCc Egyptian carvings
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvOWnkJHHBI Egyptian statue
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XAUumX4yBE Ancient sea bed 100’s of fossils
www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU3Ye1hk9H4 Mound city
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3vWMhs2mPc Humanoids