Hebrews / jews and their origin

I am not with either side and I am for humanity and want to voice for humanity. I do not know the history of Hebrews, Jews or the idea of Zionism. All have heard is from some books, journals or speeches. Medias can be fake, and what I hear from American news medias could be the mouthpieces of the US. I know both sides are suffering. The west bank falls under claims from both sides. There are some writers like Noam Chomsky or some jews who blame the US government.

Is there anyone who can tell me and some of those who want to know the true story. Is the claim just mythological? Is the claim of King David as a ruler basis for Jews? Is there any historical evidence?

Or there was a historical error? Is this a humanitarian act to remove the people who have settled there for centuries in the name of their ancestry? Could there be no other solutions for the settlement or the homeland of the Jews?

Now the situation in the land has been very complex and peaceful negotiation in the interest of both is hard to come by.
I empathize with both and hold that both the Palestinian and Israeli people must not suffer

 

The claim is not mythological. Jews have their roots in Israel and West Bank(which before was called Judea and Samaria). The Jews go back thousands of years in that area with ancient Kingdoms of Israel and Judea(it was during that time period West Bank was called Judea and Samaria) covering what was called Palestine. The Jewish kingdoms fell to many invaders with the kingdoms ending after Romans conquered them and brutally suppressed two Jewish rebellions along with destroying Jerusalem twice. In 132 that area became a Roman province called Syria Palaestina(named after enemy of Israelites; the Philistines). At beginning of AD Palestine had Jewish majority by 5th century Jews became a minority with Christians a majority(treatment of Jews under Romans still stayed poor after Roman empire converted to Christianity with ban on Jews living in Jerusalem continuing until 7th century Islamic conquest). In the 7th century the Islamic conquest of Palestine from the Byzantines(former Eastern Roman empire it would last until 1453 after Ottomans conquered Constantinople present day Istanbul). From 7th century(except for crusader state from 1098 after crusaders massacred Jerusalem's Jewish and Muslim population as they entered the city, crusaders states would last until 13th century with Jerusalem falling to Saladin in 1187) until the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after WW1 various Islamic caliphs(like Ummayd, Abbasid, Fatamid, etc.) and empires ruled Palestine with Arab caliphs and empires ruling Palestine from 7th century to 16th century when Palestine came under control of the Ottoman Empire. The effect of this was the turning of Palestine from a Christian Roman province to ethnically an Arab(with Arab replacing Aramic and Latin when it was Roman province) land with majority of its Christian and Jewish inhabitants converted to Islam by end of 1100's(which dna tests show part to majority of the Palestinian population are descended from). Most of the Christians and Jews that converted to Islam for the most part weren't forced to. Christians and Jews were regarded as dhimmi(which means protected people) under these caliphs and Islamic empires. Christian and Jews were free to practice their religion and for the most part were protected from violence with Jews and Christians sometimes serving high positions like Vizier. In return those under dhimmi system were subject to restrictions that varied under these Islamic empires and caliphs such as paying jizya tax, banned from carrying weapons, banned from having a church or synagogue higher than a mosque, and banned from testifying against Muslims, etc. For the time period of the middle ages and before enlightenment(and industrial revolution which brought West up to and well above living standards of Islamic world when it was opposite before during dark ages) the Islamic world was tolerant while in Europe religious violence and persecution was chronic with conflicts like Inquisition, French civil war during 1560-1590's, Inquisition(during which Jews fled to Ottoman empire), the 30 years war(religious war between Protestants and Catholics where a staggering 8 million died, staggering when you consider how much lower population was at that time and before widespread use of guns),etc. However by today's standards the Islamic world was not tolerant with those under dhimmi today would be second class citizens. While historically violence against dhimmis was lower than violence against Jews during dark ages, there was still violence against Jews and Christians for example under the mad caliph of the Fatimids, another example is that after Islamic conquest of Spain they were very tolerant causing the Golden age of Judaism to occur. However by 12th century the Almohad caliphate took over killing and forcing many Jews to convert to Islam. As time went on the Islamic world became less tolerant with more acts of violence committed against Jews(with Christian communities in Ottoman empire bringing practice of blood libel to middle east by falsely accusing Jews of killing and drinking the blood of Christian children) and Christians culminating in the horrific Armenian genocide during WW1. One thing to keep in mind is that dhimmi status did not apply to those who were polytheists with many Hindus massacred in Islamic conquest of India(until eventually under Akbar the great in 16th century gave Hindus dhimmi status).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Palestine#cite_note-28
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/tcga/tcgapdf/Nebel-HG-00-IPArabs.pdf

Before I get to answering your questions. Will do my best to summary the history of Zionism and Israel to 67 war.
Theodore Herzl an Austria-Hungarian journalist established Zionism(Zion is a reference to Mount Zion a mountain near Jerusalem) with the first Zionist congress. He established it after the Dreyfus scandal in France during 1890's. The Dreyfus scandal refers to army officer Alfred Dreyfus which during 1890's was a Jewish army officer arrested based on fraudulent evidence by the military for spying for the German embassy and initially given life sentence. After several more trials and after the real spy was caught and arrested he was released, exonerated, and reinstated in the army in 1906. It's also important to note how anti-Semitic that time period was and fed into belief that only a Jewish homeland would guarantee safety of world Jewelry. At that time the country with largest Jewish population was Russia. At that time Russia was the most anti-Semitic place in the world with Jews constantly enduring pogroms(massacres) and Jews forced to live in the Pale(an area composing Western Russia that was set up by Catherine the Great in the 18th century). Jews in Russia also after assassination of czar Alexander II in 1881 had to endure discriminator laws called may day laws. These restrictions included
"As a temporary(although called temporary these laws became permanet until the Czar was overthrown) measure, and until a general revision is made of their legal status, it is decreed that the Jews be forbidden to settle anew outside of towns and boroughs, exceptions being admitted only in the case of existing Jewish agricultural colonies."
"Temporarily forbidden are the issuing of mortgages and other deeds to Jews, as well as the registration of Jews as lessees of real property situated outside of towns and boroughs; and also the issuing to Jews of powers of attorney to manage and dispose of such real property."
"Jews are forbidden to transact business on Sundays and on the principal Christian holy days; the existing regulations concerning the closing of places of business belonging to Christians on such days to apply to Jews also."
"The measures laid down in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 shall apply only to the governments within the Pale of Jewish Settlement."
By 1900 there were 650 laws against Jews in Russia.
https://books.google.com/books?id=w...page&q=russian civil war 200,000 Jews&f=false
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_Laws
Due to this many Jews during first aliyah (from 1882 until 1903) and second aliyah(1904-1914) fled to Palestine(they didn't come with any intention of expelling Arabs and either settled on empty land or bought them from Arab landowners). Due to this most of the founders of Israel are from Russia with all of Israel's prime ministers either from Russia or whose parents were from Russia. In the early 1900's the anti-Semitic hoax the Russian Protocols of the elder of Zion was published which claimed that Jews control the world's press and economies and is intent on subjecting morals of gentiles and is responsible for all past events like the french revolution. During WW1 the Ottoman Empire which then controlled Palestine sided with the central powers Germany and Austria-Hungary against France, Russia, and Britain(others like Italy joined later in the war against central powers). In 1917 the British issued the Balfour declaration which promised a Jewish home in Palestine. Also during WW1 the Arabs under Sharif Hussein Bin Ali mutfi of Mecca and Medina rebelled against the Ottomans. In McMahon(reference to Henry McMahon than British high commissioner in Egypt)-Hussein correspondences from 1915-1916(start of rebellion) the British promised Hussein Arab independence covering modern day Syria, Iraq, Jordan, and parts of modern day Saudi Arabia and arguable Palestine due to letters stating
"The districts of Mersina and Alexandretta, and portions of Syria lying to the west of the districts of Damascus, Homs, Hama and Aleppo, cannot be said to be purely Arab, and must on that account be excepted from the proposed limits and boundaries. With the above modification and without prejudice to our existing treaties concluded with Arab Chiefs, we accept these limits and boundaries, and in regard to the territories therein in which Great Britain is free to act without detriment to interests of her ally France, I am empowered in the name of the Government of Great Britain to give the following assurance and make the following reply to your letter: Subject to the above modifications, Great Britain is prepared to recognize and support the independence of the Arabs within the territories in the limits and boundaries proposed by the Sherif of Mecca. [6]"
directly West of those districts is present day Lebanon and southwest of those districts is Palestine/present day Israel.

After the war ended present day conflict could have been avoided if the British had followed up with their commitments. In 1919 Faisal Hussein(son of Hussein bin Ali and later King of Iraq and brother of Abdullah Hussein who became King of Jordan) signed an agreement with Chaim Weizmann(later Israel's first president) that called for an alliance between Arabs and Zionists with each side supporting the other cause. However agreement was dependent on a large Arab state becoming independent as promised by the British to the Arabs. This wasn't carried out with British and French carving middle east up into mandates(agreements where British or French control area of mandate until its population was deemed ready to be independent) of Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine(with trans-Jordan becoming an autonomous part of mandate), causing agreement to be void. In Saudi Arabia the short lived Kingom of Hejaz established by Hussein Bin Ali during WW1 was lost to Ibn Saud(founder of modern day Saudi Arabia) in 1925 with disastrous consequences. Palestine after WW1 became a British mandate. The mandate was for a Jewish home in Palestine. After the war Haj Amin Al Hussein mufti of Jerusalem became leader of the Palestinians viewing it was part of greater Syria(before war was part of the Ottoman province Syria). During this time violence against Jews(during this time period Jews fleeing from persecution increased) increased starting with 1919 riots. During 1936-1939 the Arab revolt occurred during which hundreds of Jews were killed(along with Arab civilians killed by Irgun (a Jewish terrorist group that split from Haganah a Jewish militia established during 1920's) attacks against buses and marketplaces). During WW2 Haj Amin Al Hussein worked with the Nazis and recruited Bosnian into the S.S. After WW2 the British referred the problem of how to give independence to the Palestine mandate to the UN since the Arabs in Palestine only supported all of Palestine mandate becoming independent which would make it an Arab state since they had majority of population. Correctly Jews in Palestine rejected that(this is after 6 million Jews were killed as part of being a minority in Germany and Eastern Europe with Palestinians led by a Nazi collaborator Haj Amin Al Hussein) accepting a Jewish state being formed in an adequate area of Palestine or delaying independence and allowing unlimited migration until they reached a majority. This led to UN proposing partition plan in 1947(plan called for Palestine being partitioned into Arab and Jewish states). The Jews in Palestine accepted it(mainstream Jews led by David Ben Gurion head of the Jewish agency in Palestine, Menachem Begin then head of Irgun rejected it) and the Arabs rejected it with Arabs attacking Jews in Palestine sparking an inter-communal war which was marked Irgun terrorist attack reprisals. After this in December 1947 the British unwilling to impose a solution that both sides didn't agree to, they announced the end of mandate to be next May 1948. From November 1947- May 1948 when it still was an inter-communal civil war most of the Arab refugees from 1948 fled after attacks by either Irgun, Stern gang or Haganah(in 70% of cases from December 1 1947 to June 1 194 on Arab villages; during this time period there were few expulsions(2% of cases were contributed to expulsion orders and 5% Arabs call to flight were significant in) based Shai's(Haganah intelligence) document entitled "The emigration of Palestinian Arabs in the period 1/12/1947-1/6/1948," dated 30 June 1948. In the day before the end of mandate in May 1948 the state of was proclaimed with David Ben Gurion becoming Israel's first prime minister. The day after Israel declared it's independence five Arab armies; Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, and Egypt invaded Israel attempting to destroy the nascant state. The Israelis fought back losing 1% of its population. When it expanded from intercommunal civil war to a nascent state struggling to survive plan d was activated which allowed hostile neighboring Arab villages to be taken and its residents expelled. During this phrase this is when most of the expulsion occured with Lydd the most prominent case.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_Palestinian_exodus
While Israel's war of independence was a just war atrocities were committed by both sides historian Benny Morris noting
"We now know, on the basis of United Nations, American, and British documents and a handful that surfaced in Israel’s civilian archives (the Israel State Archive, party political archives, private papers collections, etc.) during the 1980s and 1990s, of more than a dozen massacres of Arabs by Jewish troops in the course of the first Arab-Israeli war of 1948. These range in size from the shooting of a handful or several dozen civilians arbitrarily selected and lined up against a village wall after its conquest (as occurred, for example, in Majd al Kurum, Bi’na and Dir al Assad, Ilaboun, Jish, Saliha, Safsaf, and Sasa during Hiram) to the slaughter of some 250 civilians and detainees during a firefight in the town of Lydda, southeast of Tel Aviv, on the afternoon of July 12, 1948."
Two out of the three massacres committed by Arabs against Jews during the 1948 war were triggered by Jewish atrocities against Arabs. On December 30, 1947, Irgun Zvai Leumi (National Military Organization, or IZL) terrorists threw a bomb at an Arab bus stop at the entrance to the Haifa Oil Refinery outside Haifa. Half a dozen Arabs were killed, and more were injured. The Arab workers inside the refinery immediately retaliated by turning on their Jewish coworkers with knives, crowbars, and sticks, killing thirty-nine of them. (In turn, the Haganah responded on the night of December 31 by raiding the nearby Arab village of Balad ash Sheikh, where many of the workers lived, blowing up several dozen houses and killing about sixty Arabs.)
Similarly, the Arab irregulars’ attack on the convoy of doctors, nurses, students, and Haganah militiamen making its way through East Jerusalem to Mount Scopus (the Mount Scopus Convoy) on April 13 was also a retaliation for the assault by Jewish (IZL-Lehi-Haganah) troops on the Arab village of Deir Yassin, just west of Jerusalem, on April 9, 1948, in which about one hundred villagers were killed during the fighting or just afterward.
The third and largest Arab atrocity of the war, the massacre by irregulars of dozens of surrendering Haganah troops, including some twenty women, at Kfar Etzion in the Etzion Bloc of settlements just north of Hebron, on May 13, was unprovoked by any immediate Jewish attack or atrocity.
But overall, the Jewish forces—Haganah, IZL, Lehi (Lohamei Herut Yisrael, or Freedom Fighters of Israel, or “Stern Gang,” as the British authorities called them), and IDF—committed far more atrocities in 1948 than did Arab forces, if only because they were in a far better position to do so.
The Haganah, and subsequently the IDF, overran large Arab-populated areas—some four hundred villages and towns—whereas Arab forces conquered or overran fewer than a dozen Jewish settlements in the course of the war. To this must be added the fact that the civil war in Palestine, which ended in mid-May 1948, raged in a country nominally ruled by a British administration. Neither Jews nor Arabs could legally hold prisoners and, for months, neither had facilities to hold large numbers, so prisoners either were not taken or were shot.
Massacres apart, 1948 was characterized by a great deal of random killing by Jewish troops of Arab civilians. Patrols and ambushes would randomly kill civilians scavenging for food or trying to cross the front lines for other reasons.
From the available evidence, it would appear that not one Jewish soldier or officer was ever punished in connection with these atrocities. Similarly, so far as the evidence allows, no Arab irregular or regular soldier was ever tried or punished for murdering Israelis."
http://www.crimesofwar.org/a-z-guide/arab-israeli-war/

The war ended in 1949 with armistice agreements leaving Gaza Strip being held under Egyptian control and East Jerusalem and West Bank under Jordanian control. As a result of the war 800,000 Arabs became refugees. After the 1948 Jewish communities in Arab countries which already experienced pogroms during 1940's before establishment of state of Israel a similar number number of Jews in Arab countries were expelled or fled under conditions of persecution to Israel. Except for Jordan; Palestinian refugees in Arab countries have never had citizenship and discriminated against. After 1948 war Jordan annexed West Bank which no countries beside United Kingdom and Pakistan recognized. During Jordan's rule of West Bank churches and synagogues were destroyed with all Jews worldwide banned from temple mount and all Israelis including Arab citizens banned from temple mount.

After 1949 war free fire zones were initially established on borders that often weren't clearly marked causing many refugees crossing the border in an attempt to their fields that now lay on Israeli side. By 1955 between 2,700-5,000 refugees were either shot or killed by landmines. Between 1949 to 1956 10 percent of infiltration incidents(Arabs crossing the border) were politically motivated or involved sabotage. A small number of infiltrators were violent killing 200 to 256 Israeli civilians between 1949-1956. In response to these incidents the IDF would raid Arab villages like Beit Jala in 1952 after rape and death of a Jewish girl blowing up two houses killing six Arabs including two women and two girls. Attacks on villages ended after outcry following Qibya(in response to an infiltrator in Yehud going to Israeli village and throwing a grenade into a house killing an Israeli and her two children, although Qibya was known as one of the bases for infiltrator there is no evidence that infiltrator came from Qibya) massacre of 69 Arab civilians by unit 101 in 1953 led by Ariel Sharon. Exception to that was Moshe Dayan(then chief of staff) ordering artillery strike on Gaza city center killing 50 civilians following Egyptian artillery fire on neighboring kibbutzes in the Negev during April 1956. In 1956 the Suez war between Israel(in coordination with United Kingdom and France) and Egypt following increase of clashes between Arab fedyeen infiltrators sent by Egypt and Israel occurred. The Israelis were successful capturing Gaza and Sinai. Following pressure from United States Israel left Gaza and Sinai the next year with UN peacekeeping troops replacing them. For the most part Israel's borders from 1957 to 1967 especially Egyptian border were some of Israel's quietest years(quiet would end with establishment of Palestinian Liberation Organization in 1964; and escalated afterwards especially after Arafat became its leader in 1969 and stay as its leader till 2005)
https://books.google.com/books?id=x...uhQsR#v=onepage&q=beit jala raid 1952&f=false
https://books.google.com/books?id=6..._5#v=onepage&q=israel free fire zones&f=false
https://books.google.com/books?id=8...=moshe dayan artillery 1956 gaza city&f=false

The next major event was the 67/six day war. The war started after fierce border clashes and aerial dogfights with the Syria combined with false intelligence warnings by Soviet Union fed to Nasser of Israel massing its troops on the Syrian border. Before 67 war artillery fire from the Golan Heights would often erupt from the Syrians hitting Israelis in the Galilee. After fed these false warnings, Nasser ordered UN peacekeeping troops in Sinai out signed defense pacts with Syria and Jordan, started massing troops on Israelis border, with Arab world calling for Israel to be pushed into the sea, and Egypt closing strait of Tiran which is an act of war. Israel responded with pre emptive strike capturing Gaza, Sinai, and Golan Heights. In the West Bank Israel warned Jordan not to attack Israel. Jordan ignored the warning and its forces in East Jerusalem fired artillery against Israelis in West Jerusalem causing Israel to capture the West Bank and East Jerusalem. To sum up Israel's control of the territories while it's nowhere on the level of other occupations like China's of Tibet, Israel's control of West Bank of having Arabs residing there living under military laws with it's corresponding lack of rights while Jews living nearby in settlements living under civil law and having corresponding values doesn't fit with a country that claims to be a Western democratic country. As noted before even many Israelis involved with the occupation have regarded it as immoral with former Shin Bet(head of domestic security service compared to the FBI in the United States) head Avraham Shalom noting "[We’ve become] a brutal occupation force similar to the Germans in World War II," and former Shin Bet head Carmi Gillon noting "We are making the lives of millions unbearable, into prolonged human suffering, [and] it kills me,”
Obviously there is a lot more would recommend books like Martin Gilbert's "Israel: A history, David Horovitz's "Still Life with Bombers: Israel in the Age of Terrorism", and Howard M. Sachar's "A History of Israel from the rise of Zionism to our time".
http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/...ust-survivor-compares-Israel-to-Nazi-Germany#

"Is there anyone who can tell me and some of those who want to know the true story. Is the claim just mythological? Is the claim of King David as a ruler basis for Jews? Is there any historical evidence?
Or there was a historical error?
As noted before in summary of history of Israel and Zionism Jews do have roots in that land, for example in a study covering more than a thousand people worldwide Jews were found to share a common set of genetic signatures through y chromosomes with Arabs making them more related to Arabs than non Jews from other parts of the world. Also lets say the Dreyfus affair never happened causing Theodore Herzl to never found Zionism. Palestine would have likely become part of Syria as it was part of the province of Syria during Ottoman empire. Giving that Syria is in a civil war that has seen 250,000 people die in the past four years a war that doesn't have to do with Israel and caused by Bashar Assad opening fire on peaceful protesters, all the people in Israel and even in West Bank are much better off if that historical what if happened.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/05/000509003653.htm

"Is this a humanitarian act to remove the people who have settled there for centuries in the name of their ancestry? Could there be no other solutions for the settlement or the homeland of the Jews?"
As noted above in summary of history of Zionism and Israel there was no intent to arrive and expel all the Arabs. Considering how crucial this area to Judaism and combined with status of the sick man of Europe(Ottoman empire) there is no other area that would have been chosen as homeland for the Jews. Obviously we can't go back and change establishment of state of Israel(and as established before even if we could we wouldn't want to), it's a fact that it's here to stay. Right now out of all the options the least bad option would be to establish the fence and Jordan valley as the border combined with another operation defensive shield to dismantle Tanzim, Martyr Brigade, and Hamas in West Bank(this combined with removing Jewish extremist communities like Yitzhar and Kiryat Arba) to get rid of extremists on both sides in the West Bank. This is the only option that would leaves Israel as a Jewish democratic state.

 

The Founding Fathers of Israel accepted the idea of an independent Arab state in the West Bank.

they were wise and intelligent men, and should be listened to.

 

Yeh, so the Jews DID live there once, so what?

My family owned a family farm for like 200 years, they sold it. It's a mall now, do I have the right to set up housekeeping in Gap?

The USA has laws against any practice that "restricts the alienation of land" like fee tails: no Downton Abbeys or landed nobility here. Why do we support an ancestral claim that goes back almost 2000 years?

 

There have always been tens of thousands of Jews in Palestine throughout history, even when they were no longer the majority of the population.

 

During its long history, Jerusalem has been destroyed twice, besieged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and captured and recaptured 44 times

 

So were Belgium, the Netherlands, most of France and all of what is now Germany. But you only have a problem with Israel and the Jews.

 

and yet,the Jews never left Palestine

 

Sharif Hussein Bin Ali had no following on the Arabian peninsula.. The Brits were betting on the wrong horse..

He was willing to sell out to the Zionists for thrones for himself and his sons.

He proclaimed himself Calipha and was promptly chased out of Saudi Arabia.

 

Israel is a sovereign nation and recognized as such by the world so is here to stay as is no matter where or how they got here or from. Good luck in your research and keep us posted.

 

As noted in what I wrote before, the founders of Zionism and Israel they didn't come and steal the land. Palestine before Israel was part of the Ottoman Empire which they lost after being on losing side during WW1 and committing genocide against the Armenians. As a consequences of that Palestine went to the British as part of mandate. When it came for it's transition from mandate to independence after WW2 there was large Jewish minority in Palestine that have been coming since first aliyah in late 1800's fleeing persecution from first the Russians and later the Nazis. Understandably they did not want to be ruled by the Arabs considering during WW2 Arab nationalists allied with the Nazis including Haj Amin Al Hussein. The Jews in Palestine agreed to a Jewish state in an adequate area of Palestine and subsequently accepted UN partition plan. The Arabs in Palestine accepted nothing less than all of Palestine becoming independent after British left , the Arab response was to have 5 Arab armies invade and attempt to destroy it. I assume you recognize right of United States and other countries like France, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia etc. even though foundering of their countries blatantly involved stealing land.

 

The history of the Jews is <unique>... not that I want to elate myself to my heart content but because it is so that all <modern humanity> unable to match this... keep the Jews a grudge...
The real hatred of the Jews came with Mohammad who destroyed three tribes of Jews ( Al-Nadhir, Qurayza, and Khaybar) selling their progeny Women and kids to slavery... from Circa 626 today the hate against Jews by the followers of Mohammad never subsided....

Here is the 'Demographic key dates'
• 4500–3500 BCE: First settlement established near Gihon Spring (earliest archeological evidence)
• c. 1550–1400 BCE: Jerusalem becomes a vassal to the New Kingdom of Egypt
• c. 1000 BCE: King David attacks and captures Jerusalem, which becomes capital of the United Kingdom of Israel. (Biblicalsource only)
• 732 BCE: Jerusalem becomes a vassal of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
• 587–6 BCE: Conquest of Jerusalem by Babylonians; Nebuchadnezzar II fought Pharaoh Apries's attempt to invade Judah. Jerusalem mostly destroyed including the First Temple, and the city's prominent citizens deportated to Babylon (Biblical sources only)
• 539 BCE: Cyrus the Great conquers Babylon, allowing Babylonian Jews to return from the Babylonian captivity to Jerusalem and rebuild the Temple (Biblical sources only, see Cyrus (Bible) and The Return to Zion)
• 350 BCE: Jerusalem revolts against Artaxerxes III, who retakes the city and burns it down in the process. Jews who supported the revolt are sent to Hyrcania on the Caspian Sea.
• 332–200 BCE: Jerusalem capitulates to Alexander the Great, and is later incorporated into the Ptolemaic Kingdom (301BCE) and Seleucid Empire (200BCE).
• 175 BCE: Antiochus IV Epiphanes accelerates Seleucid efforts to eradicate the Jewish religion, outlaws Sabbath and circumcision, sacks Jerusalem and erects an altar to Zeus in the Second Temple after plundering it.
• 164 BCE: The Hasmoneans take control of part of Jerusalem, whilst the Seleucids retain control of the Acra (fortress) in the city and most surrounding areas.
• 63 BCE: Roman Empire under Pompey takes city
• 70 CE: Titus ends the major portion of Great Jewish Revolt and destroys Herod's Temple. The Sanhedrin is relocated toYavne, and the city's leading Christians relocate to Pella
• 136: Hadrian formally reestablishes the city as Aelia Capitolina, and forbids Jewish and Christian presence in the city. Restrictions over Christian presence in the city are relaxed two years later.
• 324–25: Emperor Constantine holds the First Council of Nicaea and confirms status of Jerusalem as a Christianpatriarchate.[44] A significant wave of Christian immigration to the city begins. The ban on Jews entering the city remains in force, but they are allowed to enter once a year to pray at the Western Wall on Tisha B'Av
• c. 380: Tyrannius Rufinus and Melania the Elder found the first monastery in Jerusalem on the Mount of Olives
• 614-19: Jerusalem falls to Jewish and Persian forces, specifically Khosrau II's Sassanid Empire until it is retaken in 629. This was a result of the Jewish revolt against Heraclius, a Jewish insurrection against the Byzantine Empire across the Levant. The Jewish-Sasanian commonwealth, an autonomous Jewish vassal state in the Sasanian Persian Empire, controlled Jerusalem for 3 years (some sources indicate 5 years). The Church of the Holy Sepulchre is burned and much of the Christian population is massacred.[46][47]
• 636–7: Caliph Umar the Great conquers Jerusalem. Patriarch Sophronius and Umar are reported to have agreed the Covenant of Umar I, which guaranteed Christians freedom of religion but prohibited Jews from living in the city according toMuhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. The Armenian Apostolic Church began appointing its own bishop in Jerusalem. in 638.
• 797: Abbasid–Carolingian alliance – the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was restored and the Latin hospital was enlarged, encouraging Christian travel to the city.
• 1009–30: Fatimid Caliph Al-Hakim orders destruction of churches and synagogues in the empire, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Caliph Ali az-Zahir authorizes them rebuilt 20 years later.
• 1077: Jerusalem revolts against the rule of Emir Atsiz ibd Uvaq who retakes the city and massacres the local population.[49]
• 1099: First Crusaders capture Jerusalem and slaughter most of the city's Muslim and Jewish inhabitants. The Dome of the Rock is converted into a church.
• 1187: Saladin captures Jerusalem from Crusaders and allows Jewish and Orthodox Christian settlement. The Dome of the Rock is converted to an Islamic center of worship again.
• 1229: A 10-year treaty is signed allowing Christians freedom to live in the unfortified city. The Ayyubids retained control of theMuslim holy places.
• 1244: Mercenary army of Khwarezmians destroyed the city.
• 1260: Jerusalem raided by the Mongols under Nestorian Christian general Kitbuqa. Hulagu Khan sends a message to Louis IX of France that Jerusalem remitted to the Christians under the Franco-Mongol Alliance
• 1267: Nahmanides goes to Jerusalem and prays at the Western Wall. Reported to have found only two Jewish families in the city
• 1482: The visiting Dominican priest Felix Fabri described Jerusalem as "a collection of all manner of abominations". As "abominations" he listed Saracens, Greeks, Syrians, Jacobites, Abyssianians, Nestorians, Armenians, Gregorians, Maronites, Turcomans, Bedouins, Assassins, a sect possibly Druzes, Mamelukes, and "the most accursed of all", Jews. Only the Latin Christians "long with all their hearts for Christian princes to come and subject all the country to the authority of the Church of Rome".
• 1517: The Ottoman Empire captures Jerusalem under Sultan Selim I who proclaims himself Caliph of the Islamic world
• 1604: First Protectorate of missions agreed, in which the Christian subjects of Henry IV of France were free to visit the Holy Places of Jerusalem. French missionaries begin to travel to Jerusalem.
• 1700: Judah the Pious and 1,000 followers settle in Jerusalem.
• 1774: The Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarca is signed giving Russia the right to protect all Christians in Jerusalem.
• 1821: Greek War of Independence – Jerusalem's Christian population (the majority being Greek Orthodox), were forced by the Ottoman authorities to relinquish their weapons, wear black and help improve the city's fortifications
• 1837: Galilee earthquake of 1837 results in Jews from Safed and Tiberias resettling in Jerusalem.
• 1839–40: Rabbi Judah Alkalai publishes "The Pleasant Paths" and "The Peace of Jerusalem", urging the return of European Jews to Jerusalem and Palestine.
• 1853–4: A treaty is signed confirming France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme authority in the Holy Land with control over the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, contravening the 1774 treaty with Russia and triggering the Crimean War.
• 1860: The first Jewish neighborhood (Mishkenot Sha'ananim) is built outside the Old City walls, in an area later known asYemin Moshe, by Moses Montefiore and Judah Touro.
• 1862: Moses Hess publishes Rome and Jerusalem, arguing for a Jewish homeland in Palestine centered on Jerusalem
• 1873–75: Mea Shearim is built.
• 1882: The First Aliyah results in 35,000 Jewish immigrants entering the Palestine region
• 1901: Ottoman restrictions on Jewish immigration to and land acquisition in Jerusalem district take effect
• 1901–14: The Second Aliyah results in 40,000 Jewish immigrants entering the Palestine region
• 1917: The Ottomans are defeated at the Battle of Jerusalem during the World War I and the British Army takes control. The Balfour Declaration had been issued a month before.
• 1919–23: The Third Aliyah results in 35,000 Jewish immigrants entering the Mandatory Palestine region
• 1924–28: The Fourth Aliyah results in 82,000 Jewish immigrants entering the Mandatory Palestine region
• 1929–39: The Fifth Aliyah results in 250,000 Jewish immigrants entering the Mandatory Palestine region
• 1947–49: Palestine war led to displacement of Palestinian Arab and Jewish populations in the city and its division. All Jewish residents of the eastern part of the city were kicked out by Arab forces and the entire Jewish Quarter was destroyed. Palestinian Arab villages such as Lifta, al-Mahila, Ayn Karim and Deir Yassin were depopulated.
• 1967: The Six-Day War results in East Jerusalem being captured by Israel and few weeks later expansion of the Israeli Jerusalem Municipality to East Jerusalem and some surrounding area. The Old City is captured by the IDF and the Moroccan Quarter, including 135 houses and the Al-Buraq mosque, is demolished, creating a plaza in front of the Western Wall. Israel declares Jerusalem unified and announces free access to holy sites of all religions.
• 2010: Demographic trends fully reverse themselves; Jews now have a higher fertility rate than Arabs, mainly due to very high birth rate among Haredi Jews.
References[edit]
1. Jump up^ Usiel Oskar Schmelz, in Ottoman Palestine, 1800-1914: studies in economic and social history, Gad G. Gilbar, Brill Archive, 1990
2. ^ Jump up to:a b c Preserving Identity in the Holy City
3. Jump up^ Estimating the Population of Ancient Jerusalem, Magen Broshi, BAR 4:02, Jun 1978
4. Jump up^ Antiquities of the Jews, 17.42
5. Jump up^ Josephus (The Wars Of The Jews Book VI Ch 9 Sec 3)
6. Jump up^ Josephus("B. J." v. 13, § 7)
7. Jump up^ Avraham Yaari, Igrot Eretz Yisrael, p. 98.(Tel Aviv, 1943)
8. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Amnon Cohen and Bernard Lewis (197. Population and Revenue in the Towns of Palestine in the Sixteenth Century. Princeton University Press. pp. 14–15, 94. ISBN 0-691-09375-X. The registers give counts of tax-paying households, bachelors, religious men, and disabled men. We followed Cohen and Lewis on taking 6 as the average household size, even though they call it "conjectural" and note that other scholars have suggested averages between 5 and 7.
9. Jump up^ Christian travelers Johann Aegidius Van Egmont and John Heyman, Jewish history timeline; Turkish/Ottoman Rule, 1517—1917
10. Jump up^ A Brief Account of the Countries Adjoining the Lake of Tiberias, the Jordan, and the Dead Sea
11. Jump up^ Sharkansky, Ira (1996). Governing Jerusalem: Again on the world's agenda. Wayne State University Press. p. 121. Retrieved 24 Dec 2010.
12. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Kark, Ruth; Oren-Nordheim, Michal (2001). Jerusalem and its environs: quarters, neighborhoods, villages, 1800-1948. Wayne State University Press. p. 28.ISBN 0-8143-2909-8. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
13. Jump up^ Journal of a Tour in the Levant, Published by J. Murray, Item notes: v.2
14. Jump up^ Fisk and King, 'Description of Jerusalem,' in The Christian Magazine, July 1824, page 220. Mendon Association, 1824. (The figures are preceded by the comment "the following estimate seems to us as probably correct as any one we have heard". The authors also note that, "some think the Jews more numerous than the Mussulmans.")
15. Jump up^ Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea ..., Volume 2 page 86
16. Jump up^ Jerusalem Illustrated History Altas, Martin Gilbert, Jerusalem 1830-1850, p.37
17. ^ Jump up to:a b Perpetual dilemma: Jewish religion in the Jewish State By S. Zalman Abramov, page 27
18. Jump up^ Tudor Parfitt (1997). The road to redemption: the Jews of the Yemen, 1900–1950. Brill's series in Jewish Studies, vol 17. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 53.
19. Jump up^ Nini, Yehuda. The Jews of the Yemen, 1800-1914. Taylor & Francis. pp. 205–207. ISBN 978-3-7186-5041-5.
20. Jump up^ Streetwise: Yemenite steps, Jerusalem Post
21. Jump up^ Man, Nadav (9 January 2010). "Behind the lens of Hannah and Efraim Degani – part 7". Ynet.
22. Jump up^ Edward Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: a journal of travels in the year 1838, Volume 2, 1841, page 85
23. Jump up^ Jerusalem, Eine Vorlesung, pages 33-34 (42-43 in the electronic copy)
24. Jump up^ Bibliographia geographica Palaestinae: zunächst kritische Uebersicht gedruckter und ungedruckter Beschreibungen der Reisen ins Heilige Land 265 pages
25. Jump up^ [2]
26. Jump up^ Scholch, Alexander (1985). "The Demographic Development of Palestine". International Journal of Middle East Studies 17(4): 485–505. doi:10.1017/s0020743800029445.JSTOR 163415.
27. Jump up^ Wolff, Press, "The Jewish Yishuv", pp 427-433, as quotes in Kark and Oren-Nordheim
28. Jump up^ L'Histoire de la rivalite et du protectorat des Eglises chretiennes en Orient, Paris: Firmin Didot freres, 1853, p49
29. Jump up^ Gold, Dore. The Fight For Jerusalme. Regnery publishing. p. 120. Retrieved 10 March 2013.
30. Jump up^ Mark Twain, Chapter 52, Innocents Abroad'
31. Jump up^ Ellen Clare Miller, Eastern Sketches – notes of scenery, schools and tent life in Syria and Palestine. Edinburgh: William Oliphant and Company. 1871. Page 126: 'It is difficult to obtain a correct estimate of the number of inhabitants of Jerusalem...'
32. Jump up^ New York Times, February 19, 1869 [3]; See also I. Harold Scharfman, The First Rabbi, Pangloss Press, 1988, page 524 which reports the figure as 3,100.
33. Jump up^ Burns, Jabez. Help-Book for Travelers to The East. 1870. Page 75
34. Jump up^ Hebrew Christian Mutual Aid Society. Almanack of 1869
35. Jump up^ Die heilige Stadt und deren Bewohner in ihren naturhistorischen, culturgeschichtlichen, socialen und medicinischen Verhältnissen Published by Der Verfasser, 512 pages
36. Jump up^ Review Of Reviews. Volume IX. Jan-Jun, 1894. Albert Shaw, Editor. Page 98. "The present population of Jerusalem is not far from forty thousand, and more than half are Jews."
37. Jump up^ Usiel Oskar Schmelz, in Ottoman Palestine, 1800-1914: studies in economic and social history, page 35, Gad G. Gilbar, Brill Archive, 1990 [4]
38. Jump up^ Israel Central Bureau of Statistics 2006 (heb)
39. Jump up^ Jerusalem: Facts and Trends 2011
40. Jump up^ http://jcpa.org/article/is-jerusalem-being-judaized/
41. Jump up^ http://www.jiis.org/.upload/pressrelease.pdf
42. Jump up^ "Selected Data on the Occasion of Jerusalem Day".Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 16 May 2012. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
43. Jump up^ Chronology of the Israelite Tribes from The History Files (historyfiles.co.uk)
44. Jump up^ Schaff's Seven Ecumenical Councils: First Nicaea: Canon VII: "Since custom and ancient tradition have prevailed that the Bishop of Aelia [i.e., Jerusalem] should be honored, let him, saving its due dignity to the Metropolis, have the next place of honor."; "It is very hard to determine just what was the “precedence” granted to the Bishop of Aelia, nor is it clear which is the "metropolis" referred to in the last clause. Most writers, including Hefele, Balsamon, Aristenus and Beveridge consider it to be Cæsarea; while Zonaras thinks Jerusalem to be intended, a view recently adopted and defended by Fuchs; others again suppose it is Antioch that is referred to."
45. Jump up^ [Sharkansky, Ira (1996). Governing Jerusalem: Again on the world's agenda. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p. 63.]
46. Jump up^ Hussey, J.M. 1961. The Byzantine World. New York, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, p. 25.
47. Jump up^ Karen Armstrong. 1997. Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths. New York, New York: Ballantine Books, p. 229. ISBN 0-345-39168-3
48. Jump up^ Heck, Gene W. Charlemagne, Muhammad, and the Arab roots of capitalism. p. 172.
49. Jump up^ Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. 2007. "Historic Cities of the Islamic World
50. Jump up^http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Society_&_Culture/geo/mishkenot.html
51. Jump up^ http://www.mishkenot.org.il/en/secmain.asp?secid=1
52. Jump up^http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/A8138AD15B0FCAC385256B920059DEBF
Bibliography[edit]
• Jewish National Council (1947). "First Memorandum: historical survey of the waves of the number and density of the population of ancient Palestine; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State"( PDF (0.1 MB)).
• Jewish National Council (1947). "Second Memorandum: historical survey of the Jewish population in Palestine from the fall of the Jewish state to the beginning of zionist pioneering; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State" ( PDF (0.3 MB)).
• Jewish National Council (1947). "Third Memorandum: historical survey of the waves of Jewish immigration into Palestine from the arab conquest to the first zionist pioneers; Presented to the United Nations in 1947 by Vaad Leumi on Behalf of the Creation of a Jewish State" ( PDF (0.1 MB)).
• Salo Baron, A Social and Religious History of the Jews, Columbia University Press, 1983.
• Maya Choshen, ed. (2004). "Table III/14 - Population of Jerusalem, by Age, Quarter, Sub-Quarter, and Statistical Area, 2003" (pdf). Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem. Retrieved February 27, 2006.
• Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics information page
• Jerusalem: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Population (1910-2000) at israelipalestinianprocon.org
• Bruce Masters, Christians And Jews In The Ottoman Arab World Cambridge University Press, 2004.
• Population of Jerusalem until 1945 (Table 10) at mideastweb.org
• United Nations (1983). "International Conference on the Question of Palestine—The Status of Jerusalem". United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine. Retrieved February 26, 2006.[dead link]
• Time Magazine (April 16, 2001). "Jerusalem". Retrieved March 25, 2006.
• Runciman, Steven (1980). The First Crusade. Cambridge. ISBN 0-521-23255-4.
• Martin Gilbert (1987). "Jerusalem Illustrated History Atlas". p. 35. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
• Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs (2002). "Jerusalem: Special Bulletin" (pdf). Retrieved February 27, 2006.
• United Nations (1997). "The Status of Jerusalem". UNISPAL. Division for Palestinian Rights. Prepared for, and under the guidance of, the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. Retrieved February 26, 2006.[dead link]
• Mark Twain (1867). ""Innocents Abroad"". Retrieved Feb 9, 2014.
Categories:
• Jerusalem
• Demographics of Israel
• Demographics of Palestine
• Jerusalem culture
• Demographic history by city

 

nobody knows who or where the true jews are.

 

true Jews are folks who practise Judaism or are born of a mother who is a Jew.

 

Many ppl pretend or profess to know who the true Jews are but its all hot air and bluster

 

or maybe YOUR opinion about the Jews, is just that.

 

Ur of Chaldea is where Abraham was from...

... so basically Jews are displaced refugees...

... from Chaldea.

 

http://www.forumbiodiversity.com/

make a thread there. I never really got it, but those people know a lot of crap.

 

Jews didnt sell their land.

You didnty till it bacame a fact.

- - - Updated - - -

Everyone does, its the ppl you are terrified from.

 

The Jews were just another Canaanite tribe.. They shared the same pantheon of gods.

As for them always being in Palestine, they probably were.. Most Bedouin tribes were affiliated with a village or oasis in a symbiotic relationship that exchanged the product of herds for grains, pots and textiles.. Before the Canaanites the Natufi lived there.. and probably were the ancestors of the Canaanites.

Most Bedouin tribes also carried their gods from place to place in a box on a litter.

Many scholars thing that Palestinian Muslims and Christians are descended from Jewish farmers who didn't leave.. and those people have mixed with Greeks, Turks, Crusaders and every group that also lived in Palestine .

As for Samaria... Sargon 2 settled four Arab tribes there circa 700 BC.

 

its the greatest story never told, not that mainstream, drip fed to the masses, none-sense.

 

Actually most of the Jews in Arabia returned to Jericho where they were from.

 

Substantiation please... I want to learn history...

 

According to Dershwitz... A case for Israel

Among the Jews who lived in Jericho during the seventh century were refugees from Muhammad's bloody massacre of two Arabian Jewish tribes

https://books.google.com/books?id=P...&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBGoVChMIvNzgsoqbyQIV

i8mCh2_wgmP

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0012_0_11088.html

 

Actually every arab state signed on with the Allies by 1939..